{"id":20725,"date":"2026-08-04T18:15:03","date_gmt":"2026-08-04T18:15:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/?post_type=resources&#038;p=20725"},"modified":"2026-08-04T18:22:36","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T18:22:36","slug":"audiencia-cidh-nicaragua-concesiones-mineras-impacto-pueblos-indigenas-afrodescendientes","status":"publish","type":"resources","link":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/resources\/audiencia-cidh-nicaragua-concesiones-mineras-impacto-pueblos-indigenas-afrodescendientes\/","title":{"rendered":"Organizaciones denuncian ante la CIDH el avance de la pol\u00edtica extractiva en Nicaragua y sus consecuencias para los derechos humanos de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Washington DC, 4 de agosto de 2026.- <\/strong>En el marco del <strong>196\u00ba Per\u00edodo de Sesiones de la Comisi\u00f3n Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH)<\/strong>, el\u00a0 3 de agosto se celebr\u00f3 una audiencia p\u00fablica en la que organizaciones de derechos humanos y ambientales expusieron las principales afectaciones derivadas del avance del modelo extractivo en Nicaragua.<\/p>\n<p>En la audiencia, titulada <strong>\u00abNicaragua: Impacto de las concesiones mineras en los derechos humanos de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes\u00bb<\/strong>, participaron el Instituto sobre Raza, Igualdad y Derechos Humanos (Raza e Igualdad),\u00a0 la Fundaci\u00f3n del R\u00edo (FdR) y el Centro por la Justicia y el Derecho Internacional (CEJIL), quienes presentaron hallazgos y testimonios sobre las consecuencias territoriales, ambientales y sociales de la actividad minera en Nicaragua.<\/p>\n<p>Las organizaciones enfatizaron que esta situaci\u00f3n tiene ra\u00edces en un incumplimiento hist\u00f3rico del Estado de Nicaragua, debido a la falta de conclusi\u00f3n del proceso de saneamiento de los territorios titulados bajo la Ley de R\u00e9gimen de Propiedad Comunal de los Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas y Comunidades \u00c9tnicas (Ley 445), as\u00ed como la ausencia de un marco legal que reconozca y proteja los derechos territoriales de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas del Pac\u00edfico, Centro y Norte del pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n<p>Se\u00f1alaron que las reformas constitucionales y legales, impulsadas en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os por el Gobierno de Nicaragua, han profundizado el <strong>debilitamiento de la autonom\u00eda de la Costa Caribe<\/strong> y han reducido la capacidad de decisi\u00f3n de las autoridades ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes sobre sus propios territorios. Para las organizaciones, la expansi\u00f3n minera representa la continuidad de un modelo extractivista que impulsa la explotaci\u00f3n de los bienes naturales por encima de los derechos colectivos e individuales de los pueblos.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Carlos Quesada, director ejecutivo de Raza e Igualdad<\/strong>, expres\u00f3 que la ausencia de saneamiento ha permitido el avance de colonos no ind\u00edgenas, dejando a las comunidades totalmente desprotegidas.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLejos de corregir esa deuda hist\u00f3rica, el Estado ha profundizado el debilitamiento de las garant\u00edas territoriales. Las recientes reformas constitucionales y legales han desmantelado el r\u00e9gimen de autonom\u00eda de la Costa Caribe, subordinando a los Consejos Regionales y las autoridades comunales y territoriales al poder central y vaciando de contenido los mecanismos de participaci\u00f3n y decisi\u00f3n de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes sobre sus propios territorios\u201d, dijo Quesada.<\/p>\n<p>Agreg\u00f3 que este proceso ocurre en un contexto de cierre absoluto del espacio c\u00edvico y de represi\u00f3n, que se traduce en \u201cla persecuci\u00f3n y criminalizaci\u00f3n de sus liderazgos. Asimismo, la invasi\u00f3n de los colonos somete a estas comunidades a una violencia sistem\u00e1tica, incluyendo violencia sexual y asesinatos\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Por su parte, <strong>Amaru Ruiz, presidente de Fundaci\u00f3n del R\u00edo<\/strong>, reiter\u00f3 que la pol\u00edtica estatal extractivista ha removido progresivamente las salvaguardas para la protecci\u00f3n de los territorios ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes como la eliminaci\u00f3n de controles ambientales y territoriales \u2014incluidos los estudios de impacto ambiental previos para proyectos mineros y la consulta p\u00fablica obligatoria\u2014, y la modificaci\u00f3n de la estructura institucional para concentrar el control minero.<\/p>\n<p>Ruiz advirti\u00f3 que <strong>la expansi\u00f3n del modelo extractivo ha intensificado el uso de mercurio y cianuro en la actividad minera<\/strong>, adem\u00e1s de propiciar la persistencia del trabajo infantil en las zonas de explotaci\u00f3n. Asimismo, se\u00f1al\u00f3 que, por primera vez, la legislaci\u00f3n permite el desarrollo de actividades mineras dentro de \u00e1reas naturales protegidas.<\/p>\n<p>Como consecuencia de este modelo, Ruiz se\u00f1al\u00f3 que actualmente 75 lotes mineros afectan 19 \u00e1reas protegidas y dos reservas de bi\u00f3sfera, comprometiendo m\u00e1s de 900,000 hect\u00e1reas. Entre las \u00e1reas impactadas se encuentran la Reserva de Bi\u00f3sfera Bosawas y la Reserva Biol\u00f3gica Indio Ma\u00edz, dos de los principales remanentes de bosque del pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Alejandra Manavella, de CEJIL<\/strong>, explic\u00f3 que las consecuencias de la expansi\u00f3n minera\u00a0 se reflejan en la transformaci\u00f3n de los territorios, as\u00ed como la afectaci\u00f3n de los ecosistemas de los que dependen estas comunidades. Se\u00f1al\u00f3 que actualmente existen 62 lotes mineros que afectan 18 territorios ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes, comprometiendo el 25.5% de las tierras comunales. Adem\u00e1s, indic\u00f3 que estas concesiones impactan 163 r\u00edos, 80 quebradas y 1,900 km de red h\u00eddrica y afectan Bosawas y R\u00edo San Juan.<\/p>\n<p>Manavella advirti\u00f3 que este modelo extractivista se relaciona con <strong>procesos de desplazamiento forzado, violencia y criminalizaci\u00f3n de quienes defienden los territorios<\/strong>. Entre 2013 y 2024, al menos 69 personas ind\u00edgenas fueron asesinadas en este contexto. Asimismo, se\u00f1al\u00f3 los casos de Brooklyn Rivera, Nancy Henr\u00edquez, Steadman Fagoth y los ocho guardabosques mayangnas como ejemplos de persecuci\u00f3n contra liderazgos ind\u00edgenas.<\/p>\n<p>Esto sumado al avance de la frontera agr\u00edcola, invasi\u00f3n de colonos y la migraci\u00f3n ambiental, que afecta especialmente a las mujeres ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes.<\/p>\n<p>Como parte de la audiencia, <strong>Lee Bell, asesor t\u00e9cnico y de pol\u00edticas de <em>International Pollutants Elimination Network<\/em> (IPEN)<\/strong>, present\u00f3 de forma virtual los resultados de un estudio piloto sobre concentraciones de mercurio en mujeres ind\u00edgenas nicarag\u00fcenses en edad f\u00e9rtil que habitan una zona donde se practica la miner\u00eda a peque\u00f1a escala, en el Caribe Norte del pa\u00eds. El video de la presentaci\u00f3n con subt\u00edtulos en espa\u00f1ol puede verse <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/BOf4oH9hvak\">aqu\u00ed<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<style id=\"bwg-style-0\">  #bwg_container1_0 {    display: table;\t\/*visibility: hidden;*\/  }  #bwg_container1_0 * {\t  -moz-user-select: none;\t  -khtml-user-select: none;\t  -webkit-user-select: none;\t  -ms-user-select: none;\t  user-select: none;  }  #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg_slideshow_image_wrap_0 {\t  background-color: #F2F2F2;\t  width: 800px;\t  height: 500px;  }  #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg_slideshow_image_0 {\t  max-width: 800px;\t  max-height: 410px;  }  #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 .bwg_slideshow_embed_0 {    width: 800px;    height: 410px;  }  #bwg_container1_0 #bwg_container2_0 #bwg_slideshow_play_pause_0 {\t  background: transparent url(\"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/photo-gallery\/images\/blank.gif\") repeat scroll 0 0;  }  #bwg_container1_0 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\n<p>Por\u00a0 parte de la CIDH, la <strong>Comisionada Rosa Mar\u00eda Pay\u00e1, Relatora para Nicaragua<\/strong>, record\u00f3 que la Comisi\u00f3n ha documentado de manera reiterada que, en el contexto de consolidaci\u00f3n del r\u00e9gimen autoritario, los pueblos ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes enfrentan un patr\u00f3n de despojo territorial, violencia, debilitamiento de su autonom\u00eda y persecuci\u00f3n de sus liderazgos, agravado por la expansi\u00f3n de actividades extractivas sin respeto de las garant\u00edas de consentimiento libre, previo e informado.<\/p>\n<p>La <strong>Comisionada Marion Bethel, Relatora sobre los derechos de las mujeres<\/strong>, solicit\u00f3 profundizar en los efectos del uso del mercurio en la actividad minera y su impacto en la salud, especialmente de mujeres, ni\u00f1as y ni\u00f1os. Asimismo, expres\u00f3 preocupaci\u00f3n por las consecuencias que esta actividad tiene en el incremento de la violencia de g\u00e9nero en las comunidades afectadas.<\/p>\n<p>La Comisionada tambi\u00e9n consult\u00f3 sobre el impacto de las sanciones impuestas por Estados Unidos y otros pa\u00edses al sector minero nicarag\u00fcense, y c\u00f3mo estas inciden en el bienestar y los derechos de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes, considerando que parte de los minerales extra\u00eddos contin\u00faa llegando a mercados internacionales. Finalmente, pidi\u00f3 aclaraciones sobre el uso y la extracci\u00f3n de agua por parte de las empresas mineras, en particular respecto a las autorizaciones y concesiones otorgadas por la Autoridad Nacional del Agua para el desarrollo de estas actividades.<\/p>\n<p>Por su parte, <strong>Javier Palummo, Relator Especial sobre Derechos Econ\u00f3micos, Sociales, Culturales y Ambientales (Redesca)<\/strong>, expres\u00f3 que la discusi\u00f3n no solo se reduce a explotaciones mineras e impactos ambientales, sino que abarca un problema de gobernanza territorial y de distribuci\u00f3n del poder.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCuando las concesiones se superponen con territorios colectivos, con \u00e1reas protegidas, cuando se debilitan los mecanismos de evaluaci\u00f3n ambiental, de transparencia, participaci\u00f3n, especialmente en contextos de cierre de espacios c\u00edvicos, este tipo de circunstancias dan lugar a situaciones de violencia contra las personas defensoras, desplazamiento, violencia contra las comunidades y se encuentra comprometida no solo la propiedad colectiva, la libre determinaci\u00f3n, el derecho al ambiente sano, el agua, la salud, la alimentaci\u00f3n, sino tambi\u00e9n las posibilidades de que las comunidades se desarrollen en condiciones de dignidad\u201d, dijo Palummo<\/p>\n<p>Al concluir la audiencia, las organizaciones solicitaron a la CIDH fortalecer el monitoreo sobre la situaci\u00f3n de Nicaragua, incorporando de manera espec\u00edfica los impactos de la expansi\u00f3n minera sobre los territorios ind\u00edgenas y afrodescendientes, articular el seguimiento con la supervisi\u00f3n del cumplimiento de la sentencia Awas Tingni ante la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y fortalecer la coordinaci\u00f3n con los mecanismos del Sistema Universal de Naciones Unidas para reforzar el escrutinio internacional sobre Nicaragua. Tambi\u00e9n se pidi\u00f3 a la Comisi\u00f3n que exhorte a los los pa\u00edses \u00a0miembros de la OEA involucrados en la industria minera, como capital de origen o destino de los minerales, para que garanticenque las empresas cumplan con sus obligaciones en materia de derechos humanos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Washington DC, 4 de agosto de 2026.- En el marco del 196\u00ba Per\u00edodo de Sesiones de la Comisi\u00f3n Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH), el\u00a0 3 de agosto se celebr\u00f3 una [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":20726,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","categories":[],"resources_country":[],"resources_language":[],"resources_audience":[],"resources_format":[],"resources_topic":[1091,1100,1102],"resources_year":[],"class_list":["post-20725","resources","type-resources","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","resources_topic-afrodescendientes","resources_topic-cidh","resources_topic-pueblos-indigenas"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources\/20725","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/resources"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20726"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20725"},{"taxonomy":"resources_country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources_country?post=20725"},{"taxonomy":"resources_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources_language?post=20725"},{"taxonomy":"resources_audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources_audience?post=20725"},{"taxonomy":"resources_format","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources_format?post=20725"},{"taxonomy":"resources_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources_topic?post=20725"},{"taxonomy":"resources_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/raceandequality.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources_year?post=20725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}