Os caça-níqueis com tema de dinheiro e recompensas continuam entre os favoritos dos jogadores brasileiros, e não é difícil entender o motivo: visuais chamativos, mecânicas simples e a promessa de multiplicadores generosos criam uma experiência divertida mesmo para quem está começando no mundo dos slots online.

O Сash mania segue essa linha, trazendo um layout colorido, símbolos clássicos de cassino e rodadas bônus que podem aumentar significativamente os ganhos durante a sessão de jogo. A jogabilidade é intuitiva, com controles simples de aposta e giro automático disponíveis para quem prefere um ritmo mais rápido.

A volatilidade do jogo tende a ser moderada, equilibrando ganhos frequentes de menor valor com a chance ocasional de rodadas bônus mais recompensadoras. Isso torna o slot acessível tanto para quem joga por diversão quanto para quem busca sessões mais longas com um saldo controlado.

Como em qualquer jogo de cassino online, é recomendável testar a versão demo antes de apostar dinheiro real, além de verificar se o cassino escolhido para jogar possui licença válida e processos de pagamento transparentes.

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Key points of the Cuban Family Code draft, an initiative that will be submitted to a popular consultation on September 25

Washington, D.C., September 12, 2022 – On September 25, Cubans will answer yes or no to the question, “Do you agree with the Family Code?” The population is called to participate in a referendum to discuss the direction of the proposal of the new Family Code, a project composed of 471 articles and which, among its most important points, recognizes equal marriage, the redistribution of domestic work and care, the prevention of gender-based violence, and a number of rights that are aligned with the recognition of diverse families.

The new Family Code is an initiative that emerged after it was established in the Constitution of the Republic of Cuba (which was reformed in April 2019) – the National Assembly of People’s Power should begin the process of popular consultation, within a period of two years, to “figure out a way to establish marriage.”[1]

As a result, the project has generated all kinds of reactions in Cuba, due to the decision of the Cuban State to submit to a referendum, this proposal expands the rights of children and adolescents on the Island, and of other population groups that historically have been victims of violence and discrimination, such as people with diverse sexual orientations and gender identities, women, older adults, and people with disabilities. These rights should be guaranteed without the need for Cubans to approve them; that is to say, the government of this country must work so that these rights are recognized without resorting to a popular consultation or any mechanism of citizen participation. Human rights should not be negotiable or subject to an approval process.

The legal team of the International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality) analyzed the Family Code draft, here are some key points:

  • The new bill broadens the concept of the traditional family, consisting of a man and a woman. In this way, the different forms of families are incorporated, recognizing rights for affective de facto unions, regardless of the legal ties that are established.[2]
  • It incorporates concrete guidelines to ensure equality between men and women, such as the equitable distribution of domestic work and care work. It also includes the right of women to decide about their own bodies and the full development of sexual and reproductive rights, regardless of sex, sexual orientation and gender identity, or if they are disabled.
  • Expands the spaces for participation and decision-making of children and adolescents.
  • It incorporates considerations on discrimination and violence in the family, provides the possibility of resorting to the authorities to request protection, and the option of claiming damages caused by this type of aggression. The project foresees sanctions for those who engage in family violence.
  • The proposal of the new Family Code expands the bonds of people who constitute kinship and recognizes affection as a determining source. It also establishes the socio-affective bond that is sustained on the basis of a stable relationship over time, which can justify filiation. This extension refers to other articles related to food, family communication, and hereditary vocation.
  • It incorporates specific considerations concerning older persons and persons with disabilities, such as foster care, which aims to keep these population groups in a regular social environment or incorporate them into a family environment that facilitates their integration and inclusion.
  • This initiative also includes the recognition of adoptive, assisted and socio-affective filiations, it offers the possibility of recognizing the different forms of family that exist in Cuba. It also incorporates the figure of multiparentality, which implies that a person may have more than two filiation bonds, either for original causes, or for overtaken causes. And it establishes the possibility for families to choose the order of their surnames.
  • Couples in registered partnerships, regardless of their sexual orientation or gender identity, will have the same right to adopt that married couples have historically had. The possible age to be adopted is also extended to 18 years.
  • The project introduces the possibility of using methods of assisted filiation, which is when the fertilization of an ovule is done without sexual union.
  • It also regulates the possibility of resorting to gestation solidarity in certain situations, a practice that is currently illegal in Cuba.
  • While in the old code marriage is defined as the “voluntary union of one man and one woman,” in this project it is called, “voluntary union of two people.” Children under 18 years of age may not marry.
  • This new bill also refers to the parental responsibility that must be assumed by those who have underage children in their care. In the document, the introduction of concepts such as “positive parenting” and aspects such as education for responsible sexuality, non-discrimination and non-violence are highlighted.
  • The right of children and adolescents to a digital environment free of violence is incorporated.
  • The care of children and adolescents is also addressed, and it is established that grandparents, grandmothers, and other relatives or emotionally close people can also take care of minors.
  • This bill includes considerations that promote family communication.

From Race and Equality, we insist that the State of Cuba recognizes the human rights of all the people who reside in its territory, regardless of any popular consultation. It is necessary that the authorities provide guarantees so that Cuban society can grow and develop in an environment in which its rights are fully recognized, without fear or limitations. We demand that the Cuban government comply with its international human rights obligations and guarantee the fundamental rights of its entire population, without discrimination of any kind.

***

[1] Constitución de la República. Preámbulo. Texto disponible en: https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.cu/es/constitucion-de-la-republica-de-cuba-proclamada-el-10-de-abril-de-2019

[2] Proyecto Código de las Familias. Versión 25. Texto disponible en https://www.parlamentocubano.gob.cu/sites/default/files/documento/2022-07/CF%20V%2025-140622%20VF%20%20Para%20ANPP%20%282%29_0.pdf

Cuba: Race and Equality presents a petition to the IACHR on human rights violations against the organization Ladies in White and each of the women that are part of it

Washington DC, August 12, 2022 – The International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality) presented a petition to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), to declare the international responsibility of the State of Cuba for the violations perpetrated against 55 women for being part of the Damas de Blanco collective, and against the Cuban organization itself, with the purpose of dismantling it and preventing it from continuing its work in defense of human rights.

In the document, Race and Equality details a pattern of 3,086 short-term arbitrary detentions, 243 acts of criminalization, 226 cases of physical, racial, and gender violence; as well as the siege, surveillance and constant threats perpetrated by the Cuban government against the Ladies in White between 2013 and 2022, a period during which the precautionary measures granted by the IACHR in favor of the members of this organization are in force.

They will walk dressed in white until Cuba is free

“The communist regime is aware of the precautionary measures that the IACHR has granted us, but nothing has changed in its attitude and harassment, every day it attacks our members,” says Berta Soler, leader of the Ladies in White, who spoke with Race and Equality on the human rights violations that she and the other women of this organization have suffered; as well as the prolonged arbitrary imprisonment that four of her partners are currently suffering, three of them for having participated in the peaceful protests of July 2021, known as 11J.

Berta, 59, is one of the founders of Ladies in White, a group that emerged in 2003 after 75 people were arrested for being dissidents of the Cuban government, in a series of arrests known as the “Black Spring”. She and other relatives, almost all of them women, met at the Villa Marista prison in Havana to find out how their loved ones were doing and demand that they be released, on March 30, 2003, they decided to go dressed in white to the Santa Rita de Casia Church, a parish in Havana that pays tribute to the saint of “impossible causes.” Thus, going to mass, she started this organization, whose name was coined by the independent journalist exiled in the United States, María Elena Alpízar.

“Since then we have been victims of aggression, and more than 12 members have been imprisoned. Currently, four of our members are in jail; one who was about to serve four years in prison and when she was released they created a new case for her and sentenced her to five years and four months in prison, for not having agreed with State Security to leave the country with her family; she is Aymara Nieto Muñoz. The other three women are Sissi Abascal, Tania Echevarría and Sayli Navarro, who were arrested for having participated in the 11J protests and were sentenced to between six and eight years of imprisonment”, says Soler.

The Ladies in White have been arbitrarily detained, beaten and even stripped naked for taking to the streets and demonstrating against the State of Cuba. “The regime has stolen money from us and has arrested our sons and our daughters’ husbands to pressure us to desist from being part of this organization, which in 2011 was made up of more than 250 women throughout the country,” says Berta, who proudly says that one of the collective’s achievements has been to achieve, together with the Cuban church and several human rights organizations, the release of the prisoners of the ‘Black Spring’, who despite being sentenced to up to 28 years in prison, have only served seven years in prison.

As a result of the multiple attacks, on October 28, 2013, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of the Ladies in White. The Commission asked the Cuban government to adopt a series of actions “to preserve the life and personal integrity of the members of the organization [1],” and also to present a report on the investigations carried out to clarify the acts of violence that have occurred. against the collective. However, none of this has happened and human rights violations against the Ladies in White have persisted.

“State Security, when they stop us, threaten to take us to prison, tell us that we cannot go to mass or even meet. They  threaten us all the time that the Ladies in White are going to disappear… many times they arrest us and keep us inside the patrols or in the cells, and the next day or whatever time they establish to keep us imprisoned, they release us and they impose fines on us without telling us why we have been fined,” says Berta, who also states that she is not afraid of being arrested. She and the more than 50 women who are still part of this organization say that they will continue dressed in white walking towards any church on the island, until there are no people deprived of liberty for political reasons, and Cuba is free.

A petition to end the persecution

Race and Equality presented this petition to the IACHR so that it formulates a series of recommendations to the Cuban State that will allow an end to the prolonged and systematic persecution implemented against Ladies in White, and each and every one of its members. In addition, reparations were requested from the victims and their relatives, and to adapt laws, public policies, procedures, and practices to international human rights standards, to guarantee that the island’s women activists can demonstrate, demand changes, congregate and mobilize without being violated.

From the International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights we will continue to support the independent civil society of Cuba, so that universal rights are recognized on the Island, and the inhabitants of this country can demand changes from the Cuban State, without fear of being victims of repression and arbitrary arrests.

[1]Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. Resolution 6 / 2013. Precautionary Measure N. 264 – 13. Ladies in White Matter regarding the Republic of Cuba. https://www.oas.org/es/cidh/decisiones/pdf/MC264-13-esp.pdf

IACHR denounces that Cuba has faced six waves of repression in the last year

Washington DC, July 28, 2022 – Commissioner Edgar Stuardo Ralón, Rapporteur for Cuba and on the Rights of Persons Deprived of Liberty and for the Prevention and Combat of Torture of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), and First Vice President of this organization, assured that six waves of repression have been registered on the Island in the last 12 months. The statements were made at the event ‘Cuba: A year after 11J’, which was held on July 18, 2022 in Washington DC, and was co-sponsored by the International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality) and the IACHR, with the support of the organizations Artists at Risk Connection, PEN America; PEN International; PEN Cuban Writers in Exile; and Civil Rights Defenders.

“The first wave dealt with the use of force and campaigns of intimidation and stigmatization. The second, arbitrary arrests, mistreatment, and deplorable conditions of detention. The third consisted of the criminalization of demonstrators, judicial persecution, and violations of due process. The fourth, closure of democratic spaces through repressive and intimidating strategies aimed at discouraging new social demonstrations. The fifth wave was evidenced by the continuity of the deprivation of liberty, and the trials without guarantees of due process. And the sixth is the legislative proposals aimed at limiting, monitoring, and punishing dissident expressions and critics of the government, as well as criminalizing the actions of independent civil society organizations,” said the Commissioner during the event that commemorated one year of the peaceful protests on July 11 and 12, 2021, also known as 11J.

Each of these moments, according to the Rapporteur for Cuba, have been recorded after the “most massive demonstrations in the recent history of the Island” took place, which left 1,484 people detained, including 57 boys, girls and adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17. Although a year has passed since the marches, there are still more than 600 people who remain deprived of liberty for having exercised their right to free expression, according to the director of Cubalex, Laritza Diversent, who also participated in the commemorative event and has compiled, together with the 11J Justice Movement, statistics on the human rights violations that have been evidenced since then.

Commissioner Ralón also stressed that the IACHR has condemned the state repression against people who participated in or supported the peaceful protests in Cuba and assured that the organization has shown its concern about the arrests, the trials with sentences ranging from 5 to 30 years in prison, the cases of repression denounced by activists, artists and independent journalists; and legislative proposals aimed at limiting, monitoring and punishing expressions critical of the government.

“The Commission observes that the first results of the sixth wave, for example, began with the new regulations on telecommunications and cybersecurity (Decree Law 35 on telecommunications and Resolution 105 on response to cybersecurity incidents, of August 17, 2021), and culminated in the approval of a new Penal Code (May 15, 2022), which establishes broad and imprecise categories that would give room for arbitrary and discretionary application by the State,” said the Rapporteur for Cuba.

Voices that reveal human rights violations

The waves that have arisen after the 11J protests have been registered in the midst of the shortage of medicines and food, the serious economic crisis, and the recurrent blackouts that affect thousands of families on the Island. “We still see that the causes that motivated the protests persist. The balance is not encouraging and there are no structural solutions […]. From the Office of the Special Rapporteur on Economic, Social, Cultural and Environmental Rights (RESCER), we observe a general increase in poverty”, said Soledad García Muñoz, Special Rapporteur on Economic, Social, Cultural and Environmental Rights (DESCA), who also was part of the panel at this event.

Cuban independent journalist Orelvys Cabrera, one of the panelists at the meeting that took place on July 18, is one of the more than a thousand people who have experienced the waves of repression highlighted by Commissioner Ralón. He was arrested during the peaceful demonstrations in July 2021. “I was imprisoned in a hole underground. Mold covered the walls and we only had three hours of water a day in a space that was two meters long and four meters wide. 12 men lived there, and our only crime was having gone out to demand a change in the system,” he revealed.

Orelvys, along with the Cuban activist Saily González and the artist Iris Ruiz, a member of the San Isidro Movement, who were also part of the panel, are other voices of the repression and harassment by the Cuban State Security. Osvaldo Navarro, a member of the Citizens Committee for Racial Integration, also participated in the event virtually, highlighting that the 11J protests have affected women and people of African descent differently.

To the six waves of repression that have been registered in Cuba in the last year, the director of Strategy of the Cuban Observatory of Human Rights, Yaxis Cires adds one more. “A seventh wave could be the emptying of the opposition that is taking place on the Island. It is a way of closing the doors to a democratic change where different political actors participate,” he stated during his speech at the event, and assured that an example of this is the case of the Cuban activist Anamely Ramos, who was prohibited by the authorities of this country from returning to Cuba. She, who also participated in the discussion, remains in the United States waiting to be able to return to the Island.

After a year of the peaceful protests of 11J in Cuba, we reiterate the request to the Cuban authorities to cease the violence against the people who demonstrate and organize peacefully to demand their rights. We request that the human rights of each of the people who reside on the Island be respected, guaranteed, and protected, who despite everything they have experienced in the last 12 months, await a free Cuba.

Cuba: The impact of 11J on human rights

Washington DC, July 11, 2022 – One year after the peaceful protests that took place en masse on July 11 in more than 50 locations in Cuba, Cuban society continues to suffer from a context of deep economic crisis, characterized by serious limitations in the access to food, medicines and basic necessities. These factors, which a year ago unleashed the need for Cuban men and women to raise their voices and make their claims heard, continue to impact their lives today, even with greater intensity. The violations of human rights after the demonstrations known as 11J, persist on the Island, and are getting worse.

The repression continues

The situation of repression and the silencing of voices of dissent has not ended after 11J. Activists, human rights defenders, artists and independent journalists face constant harassment on a daily basis by the authorities and State Security forces. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) itself expressed its concern about the intensification of the repression and other violations of rights since the protests of July 2021, especially against those who participated in the demonstrations that took place on the 11th of that month [1].

In November 2021, various groups of activists once again tried to call for a peaceful protest and were faced, once again, with hundreds of arbitrary arrests, selective Internet service outages, interrogations and individualized surveillance of their homes. During 15N, as these demonstrations were called, the Civic March for Change was planned; however, the people who made public their desire to participate in this event were prevented from exercising their right to peaceful protest.

After this initiative, the use of judicial repression was aggravated with an exemplary character, there was an acceleration in the judicial processes followed against the 11J protesters and prosecutor petitions were presented requesting sanctions of up to 30 years of deprivation of liberty. Likewise, the relatives of the detained and/or prosecuted activists suffered -and continue to suffer- harassment and persecution by State Police, every time they try to exercise their right to peaceful protest in the face of the cruel situation in which their loved ones find themselves in.

Mass exodus

The context of the crisis that dominates Cuba has caused a growing number of Cuban men and women to decide to leave the island and settle in other countries. There is great concern about the high number of people who try to cross borders exposing themselves to extremely risky situations.

As a consequence of the difficulties that Cubans face in obtaining transit visas in numerous countries, the majority of people opt for irregular migration through routes that expose them to being victims of criminal networks, risks to their health, and even the danger of losing their life. Many people arrive at the border posts and remain for months in the custody of the immigration authorities without certainty about their situation.

At the same time, the Cuban government has intensified restrictions on the exercise of the right to free movement, both inside and outside the country . The authorities of the Island have used the tactics of forced exile and the prohibition of entry to the territory of Cuban nationals with current residence, to silence those critical voices that acquire greater visibility. It is of special concern that, in addition to the socio-economic conditions that expel thousands of Cuban men and women from the country, there is systematic and permanent harassment against activists, artists, and journalists, who are pressured to leave the country in subhuman conditions. This situation is preventing many people from enjoying their nationality effectively and, likewise, it prevents them from enjoying other fundamental rights such as the right to a family and the free choice of residence.

Legislative reforms

On May 14, 2022, the National Assembly of People’s Power approved the new Penal Code. Although the final official text has not yet been published, the draft raises concern since it maintains a broad and ambiguous language to classify those crimes that have been used arbitrarily to persecute the activities of human rights defenders, jurists, activists, and independent journalists. Of particular concern is the increase in penalties related to “Crimes against the Internal Security of the State”, among which are crimes against the constitutional order, sedition and propaganda against the constitutional order, which have frequently been used to repress and criminalize the legitimate exercise of the human rights to freedom of expression, association and assembly.

The repression and historical criminalization in Cuba persists protected by internal legislation that limits the exercise of human rights such as freedom of expression and association. An example of this is the use of criminal offenses such as sedition and public disorder to criminalize those who decided to exercise their right to peaceful protest on 11J and 15N. Other practices that the State has adopted to respond to the 2021 marches also draw attention, among which, the failure to observe the principle of the best interests of the child and the special care they require stand out; the psychological coercion to force people to leave the Island and the siege of the national and international press. Although these practices are not new, they reveal a state policy based on sowing fear in the population and the interest in getting rid of any type of popular expression critical of state policy.

One year after 11J, from the International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights, we call on the Cuban State to put an end to repressive practices against those who demonstrate and organize peacefully and claim their human rights. The Institute will continue to monitor the situation, documenting the abuses perpetrated by the government and denouncing human rights violations to the international community.

 

[1]IACHR, Press Release 295/21, The IACHR expresses concern over the worsening of repression and other human rights violations since the July protests in Cuba , November 5, 2021.

The repression of the historic 11J protests in Cuba

Washington DC, July 6, 2022. – A few days after the one year anniversary of the peaceful marches of July 11, 2021 in Cuba, the legal team of the International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality), answered four questions that help to know and understand what happened on the Island at that time.

What happened in Cuba in July 2021?

On July 11, 2021, and the following days (hereinafter, “11J”), one of the largest protests in the recent history of the country was experienced in Cuba. On that occasion, thousands of people took to the streets of more than 50 cities to peacefully express their concern over the worsening health and economic crises, and denounce the policies imposed by the government to reduce civic space. Civil society organizations registered more than 124 peaceful demonstrations throughout the Cuban territory, which included the 15 provinces and the special municipality of Isla de la Juventud [1]. A high number of protestors reported serious human rights violations due to the excessive use of police force, resulting in one death, 1,745 repressive actions, at least 1,103 arbitrary arrests, several testimonies of sexual assaults by the police force, 402 assaults, 63 harassments, 55 citations and internet outages throughout the country [2].

Why did people go out to march?

The demonstrations began in the towns of San Antonio de los Baños, in the province of Artemisa (near Havana); and Palma Soriano, in Santiago; however, they quickly spread throughout the country. The protests that began on July 11, 2021 in Cuba represented the response of Cuban society to a social situation that worsened day after day. This is due to the inability of the Cuban State to effectively guarantee access to economic, social, and cultural rights and respect the exercise of civil and political rights of its citizens.

On the one hand, the country faced (and still faces) a deep economic crisis characterized by scarcity and shortages of food, medicines, and basic necessities. Added to this was the consequences of the government’s response to the spread of the COVID-19 virus, which had a very negative impact on Cuba, aggravating the health systems and the precarious social situation prior to the outbreak of the pandemic. Finally, the increasing repression in response to the crises became unsustainable for thousands of people [3].

How did the Cuban authorities respond to the peaceful demonstrations of 11J?

The government responded to the demonstrations with brutal repression that included the disproportionate use of force, arbitrary detentions and short-term forced disappearances, threats, harassment, torture, and cruel and inhuman treatment, both by state agents and pro-government parapolice forces. In the weeks following the protest, hundreds of arbitrary arrests, and other violations of the guarantees of due process were recorded, as well as the implementation of a reinforced surveillance strategy in the streets throughout the country and in the residences of activists, who were prevented from leaving their homes.

On July 12, 2021, the president of Cuba, Miguel Díaz-Canel Bermúdez, published a speech in which he incited the civilian population to take to the streets to “act”, including through violence against the protesting people [4]. In that speech, he warned the demonstrators that they had to “step over [their] corpses if they want to confront the Revolution, and they [were] ready for anything and [would be] in the streets fighting [5]. ” The state response also included the dissemination of propaganda and stigmatization campaigns against the demonstrators, whom it described as “counterrevolutionaries”, “criminals”, “vandals”, “mercenaries” and “enemies of the State”.

Likewise, on July 11 and the following days, there were power cuts and blockages of the Internet service that sought to prevent the spread of the movement on social networks and the independent press. In response to the protests, on August 17, 2021, the government enacted Telecommunications Decree Law 35 and Resolution 105, which meant new regulations on telecommunications and cybersecurity. These measures sought to generate greater state control over social demonstrations, given that the Internet had become a fundamental space for the exercise of the right to protest in Cuba.

This type of response is not unknown on the Island, since it is faced daily by any person who dares to express their ideas and opinions that are independent and different from those of the government. The repression of those who think differently in Cuba is aggravated in contexts of crisis, as was the case in the 1990s. On that occasion, the Special Representative of the Secretary General of the United Nations Organization on the situation of human rights in Cuba, warned in 1991 that “unfortunately for the cause of human rights, the Cuban authorities have decided to face this difficult economic situation with an increase in repressive control directed at the supposed opponents of the regime, most of whom aspire to non-violent changes of some circumstances they find intolerable [6].

According to data from the organizations Cubalex and Justicia 11J, as of June 30, 2022, 1,481 people (including 57 under 18 years of age) had been deprived of their liberty in the context of the protests [7]. Of these, 701 currently remain in detention [8]. Among the people detained there are a significant number of activists, artists, journalists, leaders of political opposition movements to the government, teachers, students, medical staff, professors and priests of various religious denominations.

The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights confirmed a systematic pattern of violations of due process in the context of the deprivation of liberty of people who participated in the protests, such as: holding the detainee incommunicado, interrogations for intimidating purposes, lack of notification about the  legal causes of their detention, absence or obstruction to access a timely, technical and adequate legal defense, among others [9].

One year after the protests, what has happened in all this time?

About 10 days after the protests, the first prison sentences were recorded for some people for their participation in the 11J protests. These sentences were given in summary trials by way of direct attestation – an expedited procedure that goes directly from the police investigation phase to the oral trial, without prosecution or trial [10]-. Most of the accused persons did not have the timely assistance of a lawyer. A total of 47 people would have been sentenced by this procedure [11].

Justicia 11J and Cubalex have registered until June 30, 2022, 584 people convicted. According to available information, the crimes charged are repeated in most of the people prosecuted: “public disorder”, “attack”, “disrespect”, “incitement to commit a crime”, “spread of epidemics”, “sedition”, “illegal demonstrations”, “damage” and “defamation of institutions and organizations and of heroes and martyrs”. At least 168 people have been sentenced for the crime of sedition, and a large number of them come from the most disadvantaged neighborhoods of Havana. This has resulted in the sanctions having a disproportionate impact on populations of Afro-descendants, human rights defenders, artists, and independent journalists.

According to the information recorded by the organizations mentioned above, of the total number of people prosecuted, 24 were under 18 years of age at the time of their arrest and were sentenced in the first instance with sentences that extend up to 19 years of deprivation of liberty. [12]. Likewise, 71 women (more than twenty of them, mothers) and 9 older adults continue to be detained [13]. Finally, these organizations report that some thirty released protesters have emigrated or have been forced into exile [14].

The international community and human rights bodies have also expressed their concern about the sentences handed down in Cuba regarding the events of 11J. The Committee Against Torture (CAT) has urged the Cuban State to “investigate, prosecute and punish those responsible for the excessive use of force and mistreatment during the protests [15]. ” The Committee against Enforced Disappearances of the United Nations has called on the Cuban State to account for “the alleged disappearances due to 11J” [16]. For its part, the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) included among its recommendations to reconsider “the severity and proportionality of the sentences for the children and adolescents who participated in the 11J protests” [17]. In the same way, regional organizations such as the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) and its special rapporteurs closely follow with concern the continuous violations of human rights in Cuba as a result of 11J, making a special call to the State to “adopt all necessary measures to prevent those who legitimately claim their rights through social protest from being subjected to unfair or unfounded trials through state investigations.”[18]

***

[1]Registration carried out by the Inventory Project, “ Demonstrations in Cuba, Sunday, July 11, 2021”, https://www.google.

com/maps/d/viewer?mid=1AQAArlWutvq3eqA2nK_WObSujttknlxZ&ll=21.661531077124163%2C-80.20082207193147&z=7

[2]Cuban Observatory of Human Rights (OCDH ), Protests of July, March 8, 2021 https://observacuba.org/ocdh-protestas-de-julio-dejaron-al-menos-1-745-acciones-represivas-en- cuba-of-which-1-103-were-arbitrary-arrests/

[3]IACHR “ The IACHR and its Special Rapporteurships condemn state repression and the use of force in the framework of peaceful social protests in Cuba, calling for dialogue on citizen claims ”, July 15, 2021, available at https://www. oas.org/en/IACHR/jsForm/?File=/en/cidh/press/communiqués/2021/177.asp

[4]Granma, We defend the Revolution above all else , July 12, 2021.

[5]Granma, We defend the Revolution above all else , July 12, 2021.

[6]Special Representative of the Secretary General , Report on the situation of human rights in Cuba, prepared by the Special Representative of the Secretary General, Mr. Rafael Rivas Posada, in fulfillment of the mandate conferred by resolution 1991/68 of the Commission, para. 30, Human Rights Commission, UN Doc. E/CN.4/1991/27 (January 28, 1992) (by Rafael Rivas Posada)

[7]Justice 11J and Cubalex, Newsletter June 2022. Available at: https://mailchi.mp/67d27e677817/newsletter-1-junio-2022

[8]Justice 11J and Cubalex, Newsletter June 2022. Available at: https://mailchi.mp/67d27e677817/newsletter-1-junio-2022

[9]Cf. IACHR, Annual Report 2021, Chap. IV.B Cuba, para. 70

[10]Prisoners Defenders, Direct Attestation: This is how peaceful protesters in Cuba are being judged , July 17, 2021.

[11]Justice 11J and Cubalex, Newsletter June 2022. Available at: https://mailchi.mp/67d27e677817/newsletter-1-junio-2022

[12]Justice 11J and Cubalex, Newsletter June 2022. Available at: https://mailchi.mp/67d27e677817/newsletter-1-junio-2022

[13]Justice 11J and Cubalex, Newsletter June 2022. Available at: https://mailchi.mp/67d27e677817/newsletter-1-junio-2022

[14]Justice 11J and Cubalex, Newsletter June 2022. Available at: https://mailchi.mp/67d27e677817/newsletter-1-junio-2022

[15]Diario las Americas, Available at: https://www.diariolasamericas.com/america-latina/onu-cuba-debe-sanzando-abuso- Fuerza -protestas-n4249031

[16]Infobae, The UN Committee against Enforced Disappearances asked Cuba for explanations for what happened after the protests of July 11, January 21, 2022, Available at: https://www.infobae.com/america/america-latina /2022/01/21/the-committee-against-enforced-disappearances-of-the-un-asked-for-explanations-from-cuba-for-what-happened-after-the-protests-of-11- -July/

[17]CRC, Final Observations, CRC/C/CUB/CO/3-6, June 16, 2022, para. 26(e).

[18]IACHR, Annual Report 2021, Chap. IV.B Cuba, para. 77.

Political prisoners: Race and Equality organizes a forum to contribute to the effective approach to detention and imprisonment for political reasons in the region

Washington DC, June 17, 2022.- Race and Equality organized a forum to contribute to the effective approach to arrest and imprisonment for political reasons in the Western Hemisphere and proposed guidelines that allow establishing criteria to determine who is a person detained for political reasons.

“At the institute, this process began about a year and a half ago, a little worried about the need to have criteria for a person to be considered a political prisoner in the hemisphere,” said the director of Race and Equality, Carlos Quesada.

The director for the Americas of Amnesty International, Ericka Guevara Rosas highlighted the similarities that exists in the violations of human rights committed against people arbitrarily deprived of liberty for political reasons in countries such as Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela where there is a “co-optation of the Powers of the State”.

Guevara participated in the event “Political Prisoners: Challenges and Proposals for their International Protection from a Human Rights Approach”, organized by the Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality), in order to create a space for reflection on the characteristics that must exist for a person to be considered arbitrarily deprived of liberty for political reasons in a country.

Guevara highlighted that there is a pattern between Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela, for example, in which journalists and human rights activists who oppose certain state policies are criminalized and therefore become targets of the state that creates laws and uses the Powers of the State to prosecute them.

“People are detained through the improper use of the criminal justice system and through the deprivation of liberty, which, many times, is not only given in prison conditions, but many times we have seen patterns of deprivation of liberty through short-term arrests, detentions and house arrests,” said Guevara.

“They tried to gouge out his eyes”

Miriam Cardet, sister of former political prisoner Eduardo Cardet, from Cuba, recalled at the event how her relative was detained on November 30, 2016, when, after returning from a trip to the United States, he was intercepted by men dressed in civilian clothes, in his home, who began to beat him savagely.

“They pounced on him, putting him against a fence in front of the house and beat him (…) They tried to gouge out his eyes,” Cardet said in her account. That was just the beginning of the problems for the family and the human rights violations against the Cuban doctor and activist.

He was missing for five days until a protest by relatives forced the Cuban government authorities to show him halfway, when he could barely stand and was swollen from the beating he received.

Cardet was released in May 2019, after serving the three-year sentence for which he had been charged.

“Through all the denunciations at the international level, my brother’s life could be saved,” said Cardet, recalling that the denunciation and the constant pressure against these States is the only way to guarantee the lives of these people.

10 deaths under the tutelage of the Venezuelan State

In Venezuela, it is estimated that since 2014 there have been at least 4,000 people imprisoned for political reasons after participating in demonstrations against the government of Nicolás Maduro. At least 10 of them have died under the tutelage of the State, according to figures from human rights organizations.

“In the case of Venezuela, a structure has been created and arbitrary detention is not the only violation that is used, a judicial structure has been created, an administrative and legislative structure has been created that what it seeks is to close civic space more every time,” said Ronnie Boquier, legal coordinator of the Committee of Family Victims of the Caracazo.

The situation there is quite similar to what is happening in Cuba and Nicaragua, where crimes of terrorism against peaceful demonstrators are invented and ambiguous crimes such as “treason against the homeland” are attributed to them.

Nicaragua and the criminalization of human rights defenders

The criminalization of human rights defenders and the cancellation of non-governmental organizations that are not related to the Daniel Ortega regime has caused more than 500 NGOs to no longer have legal status, according to Nicaraguan media reports.

These closures are only part of the problem, because after their legal operating capacity is canceled, persecution is unleashed against their leaders, who in many cases are forced to leave the country or detained.

The arbitrary arrests in Nicaragua began in April 2018, after the peaceful demonstrations and until May 2020, the IACHR calculated that at least 1,614 people were in prison, highlighted Fiorella Melzi, coordinator of the Special Follow-up Mechanism for Nicaragua (Meseni).

“As a result of the arrests, the Commission has observed a series of human rights violations: violations of guarantees and judicial protection, in most cases, initially, the State did not report the whereabouts of the detained persons and (prevented), the access to a lawyer of choice, the accusations presented in preliminary, private and secret hearings in facilities other than the judicial courts”, Melzi listed.

Some were later released, but the criminalization of dissidents continued and spread to all sectors of the country. At the point prior to the 2021 presidential elections, when Daniel Ortega was fraudulently re-elected for a fourth consecutive term, he imprisoned 7 presidential candidates and until May 31, 2022, the number of people arbitrarily deprived of liberty for political reasons in the country was already more than 190, according to figures updated for May from the Mechanism for the Recognition of Political Prisoners in Nicaragua.

Many of these people were directors of non-governmental organizations or were simply arrested for expressing opinions contrary to the regime’s policies on social networks.

“New crimes are created, laws against terrorism that involve people who defend rights in the logic that the State will always classify them as an enemy and they are joined with past laws,” said Boquier, who explained about the similarities that occur in the three countries when persecuting dissidence.

These are policies that, according to Boquier, the States themselves are defining and he blamed them for being the ones who classify people as “enemies”, to later arbitrarily detain them for the activities they carry out.

“Whoever defines the policy of persecution are the States and whoever gives it the political motives are the States. Prisoners for political reasons in our countries (exist) because the States consider them that way because of their activity,” he remarked.

Race and Equality proposes guidelines to determine the deprivation of liberty for political reasons

Considering all these situations that occur in Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela, but also extend to countries such as Chile or Colombia, Race and Equality published the document “Guidelines for the determination of detention and imprisonment for political reasons: Contributions from International Law of Human Rights”, which seeks to contribute to a discussion that leads to identifying and highlighting the patterns that exist in the countries that detain people for political reasons.

The document highlights the importance of having a characterization at the international level that allows recognizing that people under this form of deprivation of liberty are more exposed to suffering serious violations of their human rights and therefore, are in a situation of special vulnerability. This recognition makes it possible to hold States accountable for these arbitrary deprivations of liberty for political reasons and to create a route of responsibility that allows justice and reparation for the victims.

Race and Equality proposes two guidelines. The first consists of establishing whether the deprivation of liberty is arbitrary according to the categories established by the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention. That is, that it occurs as a consequence of the exercise of rights or freedoms of thought, conscience and religion; opinion and expression; peaceful assembly and association; and political participation; and that it is discriminatory for reasons such as political opinion.

Secondly, it is pointed out that it is essential for this determination to identify that the arbitrary deprivation of liberty is the product of politically biased State actions, for which the patterns of detention and instrumentalization of justice institutions in contexts must be examined, both democratic and authoritarian, as well as the actions carried out by the person, such as the defense of human rights, participation in the political life of their country, journalism, among others. 

The complete document can be downloaded at this link for the Spanish version and at this other link for the English version.

Brian Nichols in “Jailed for what?”: Politically motivated arrests and trials of protesters are an affront to democracy in Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela

Washington DC, June 15, 2022.- The arrests of peaceful protesters in Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela are an affront to democracy and the trials seek to silence freedom of expression, highlighted the Undersecretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs , Brian A. Nichols , during the event “Jailed for what?: People imprisoned for political reasons in Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela” , organized by the Latin American Human Rights Consortium, of which is a part of the Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality) .

This event was held within the framework of the IX Summit of the Americas with the aim of generating a space for reflection and dialogue on the circumstances and conditions experienced by persons deprived of liberty in the exercise of their fundamental rights in these three countries. Apart from Nichols, the Rapporteur of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) on the Rights of Persons Deprived of Liberty and for the Prevention and Combat of Torture, Edgar Stuardo Ralón, participated in this space, as well as relatives of political prisoners and activists.

“The United States, along with its partners and allies around the world, continues to press for the release of all those unjustly detained for political reasons and for an end to human rights violations and to create the conditions for the holding of free and fair elections that allow Venezuelans, Cubans and Nicaraguans to choose their leaders for themselves,” Nichols said.

Stuardo Ralón: “The IACHR wants to reiterate its commitment to condemn this situation”

For his part, the IACHR Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons Deprived of Liberty and for the Prevention and Combat of Torture, Edgar Stuardo Ralón, assured that the prisons in which political prisoners are held “are characterized by high levels of overcrowding, lodging in cells with structural deficiencies and unsanitary conditions; use of isolation measures, lack of access to drinking water; proper nutrition and medications; use of practices of torture and other ill-treatment.

Ralón said that the situation in the three countries is serious and particularly in Cuba, it became much more complicated as a result of the protests of July 11 and 12, 2021, which the regime repressed with violence; just as it happened in the peaceful demonstrations in Nicaragua in 2018 and Venezuela in 2014.

“The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights wants to reiterate its commitment to condemn this situation and demand the release of all political prisoners. The Commission’s commitment is to make all these situations visible with all the instruments at its disposal, whether these are press releases, precautionary measures to put an end to this regime of repression.”

Anamely Ramos: “In Cuba, political prisoners are not just victims, they are also heroes”

In Cuba there are more than 1,400 political prisoners as a result of the demonstrations of July 11 and 12 and the conditions in which they find themselves are completely inhumane, according to data from the organizations Cubalex and Justicia11J.

Anamely Ramos, a Cuban artist and human rights defender, expressed that the situation is difficult for all political prisoners, but especially for women. “The women who are imprisoned, in addition to the fact that half are mothers who are separated from their children, are subjected to degrading acts and all kinds of humiliation,” she said, and requested that prisons be given access to verify the health condition of political prisoners, more support for civil society, greater visibility of the incarceration of minors and denouncing the complicity of the justice systems of the three countries in favor of their regimes.

“In Cuba, political prisoners are not just victims, they are also heroes. They did not begin to be prisoners when they were arrested, but since they were born,” Ramos stressed.

Victoria Cárdenas from Nicaragua: “Let us join the cry for Freedom”

On June 8, but in 2021, the presidential candidate Juan Sebastián Chamorro was arrested by the Police of the Daniel Ortega regime and his wife, the businesswoman Victoria Cárdenas, had to go into exile so as not to be arrested as well. In prison, Chamorro has lost more than 50 pounds and is unrecognizable, according to people who have managed to visit him just seven times in the last year.

Until the beginning of June in Nicaragua there were 184 political prisoners and of them, 180 had already received a conviction in trials lacking due process and in which police officers were used as witnesses.

“I invite everyone to raise our voices for all those voices that authoritarian regimes like Cuba, Venezuela and Nicaragua wanted to silence. Let’s join the cry for freedom. I call on the international community, the heads of state, the international human rights organizations, civil society, the business community of the continent and the world, and people of good will, to do everything necessary to ensure that they comply with what the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has ordered and release them immediately,” added Cárdenas.

Regarding the situation in Nicaragua, the director of Race and Equality, Carlos Quesada, stressed that since the beginning of the protests in April 2018, at least 1,614 Nicaraguans were arbitrarily detained until May 2020. “In most cases, what has been criminalized is the right to freedom of expression,” said Quesada.

To conclude, Quesada assured that they will continue to denounce the human rights violations committed by the Ortega regime in Nicaragua against the more than 180 political prisoners and for this they will launch the “Nicas Libres Ya” campaign that seeks to make their stories visible and achieve the necessary support for their early release.

Munira Muñoz: “In Venezuela we have 235 political prisoners”

Munira Muñoz, lawyer and coordinator of the organization Foro Penal USA/Venezuela, recalled that “in Venezuela we have 235 political prisoners, of which 15 are women.” In this country, at least 10 political prisoners have died since 2014, and many of them are confined together with common prisoners.

Muñóz mentioned the case of the political prisoner Emirlendris Benítez, 41, who was arrested in August 2018. “She was charged with crimes of terrorism, conspiracy to commit a crime, attempted intentional homicide against the President of the Republic, intentional homicide with treachery against the military high command, damage to public property and possession of explosive devices. She was giving a transportation service with her husband who is currently also in prison.”

Benítez lost the mobility of her legs after suffering an abortion due to the mistreatment she received at the time of her arrest and in 2021 her sister denounced that her health situation was quite delicate.

Serious situation for human rights defenders

The Executive Director of Race and Equality, Carlos Quesada, reported that the situation is serious for everyone in the three countries, but especially for human rights defenders and activists who, even when they intended to go to Los Angeles to participate in the Summit of the Americas, were prevented by the Cuban authorities.

“In particular, (restrictions) are imposed to prevent the participation (of activists) in international forums where they intend to expose human rights violations by the Cuban regime,” added Quesada.

This situation has occurred in Nicaragua, Cuba and Venezuela, whose governments limit the travel of those who are considered political opposition to avoid international denunciations of human rights violations.

Pronouncement

From the Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality) we do not stop demanding the immediate and unconditional release of all political prisoners in Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela. Likewise, we urge States to comply with the United Nations Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (Nelson Mandela Rules) in prisons.

It is imperative that these countries abide by the recommendations of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR), the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), the United Nations Human Rights Council (HRC), treaty bodies and special procedures.

Freedom for political prisoners!

Two billboards in the United States denounce the serious human rights situation in Cuba

Washington D.C., June 3, 2022“We were so hungry that we even ate our fear”, with this phrase heard during the marches that took place on July 11 and 12, 2021 in Cuba, two billboards displayed in Los Angeles, United States, denounce the serious human rights situation on the Island. This is an initiative of the Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality).

The billboards, which are located in the center of this Southern California city (216 East 4th St, CA 90013) and near the Los Angeles International Airport (Venice Blvd, CA 90034), reveal that in last year’s peaceful demonstrations (also known as 11J), more than 700 people have been arrests, most of them without being prosecuted, for demanding changes in the Island and for exercising their right to freedom of expression.

The billboards will be displayed during the IX Summit of the Americas, which will be held June 6-10 in Los Angeles, and seek to urge the international community that will attend this meeting that brings together heads of state and government of the region, to adopt measures to put an end to the repression, harassment, arbitrary detentions and attacks constantly suffered by activists, independent journalists, artists and human rights defenders in Cuba.

Side Events

Race and Equality, together with CADAL, will hold an event titled “Peaceful Demonstrations in Latin America: Reflections on Cuba One Year After 11J”, on Tuesday June 7, while on Wednesday, June 8, the Latin American Human Rights Consortium – of which Race and Equality is a member – will hold the event “Jailed for What? People imprisoned for political reasons in Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela”. International experts who have followed closely what is happening in Cuba, as well as human rights defenders, will participate in both events.

PEACEFUL DEMONSTRATIONS IN LATIN AMERICA: REFLECTIONS ON CUBA ONE YEAR AFTER 9/11

Tuesday, June 7

5:00 PM Los Angeles | 8:00 Havana – Washington D.C.

Hotel Indigo – Los Angeles, Downtown | Hollander Ballroom

RSVP and virtual registration: https://bit.ly/3sVeJAw

Simultaneous interpretation SPANISH | ENGLISH | PORTUGUESE

With the special participation of:

Pedro Vaca, IACHR Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression

JAILED FOR WHAT? PEOPLE IMPRISONED FOR POLITICAL REASONS IN CUBA, NICARAGUA AND VENEZUELA

Wednesday, June 8

4:00 PM Los Angeles | 5:00 PM Central America | 7:00 Caracas – Havana

Hotel Indigo – Los Angeles, Downtown | Orpheum Room A

RSVP and virtual registration: https://bit.ly/3sVeJAw

Simultaneous Interpretation SPANISH | ENGLISH | PORTUGUESE

With the special participation of:

Stuardo Ralón, IACHR Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons Deprived of Liberty

Race and Equality denounces the situation of political prisoners in Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela in the framework of the IX Summit of the Americas

Washington DC, June 2, 2022.- In the framework of the Summit of the Americas, the Latin American Human Rights Consortium – which is led by the Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality) – will hold the event “Jailed for what?: People imprisoned for political reasons in Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela”, whose objective is to generate a space for reflection and dialogue on the circumstances and conditions experienced by persons deprived of liberty in the exercise of their fundamental rights in those three countries.

The event, which will be hybrid, will take place on Wednesday, June 8, in the Orpheum A room of the Hotel Indigo, in Los Angeles (California), starting at 4:00 pm local time (5:00 pm Central America time and 7:00 pm Caracas and Havana time). It will also be broadcast on the Race and Equality Facebook page and YouTube channel.

Panelists include Uzra Zeya, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy and Human Rights of the United States; Brian A. Nichols, Assistant Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs; the Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons Deprived of Liberty and for the Prevention and Combat of Torture, Edgar Stuardo Ralón; and the Executive Director of Race and Equality, Carlos Quesada.

There will also be the participation of Victoria Cárdenas, Nicaraguan businesswoman and wife of the presidential candidate and political prisoner of the Ortega and Murillo regime, Juan Sebastián Chamorro; Anamely Ramos, Cuban artist and human rights defender; Munira Muñoz, lawyer and coordinator of the organization Foro Penal USA/Venezuela. The event will be moderated by David Álvarez Veloso, Coordinator of the Human Rights Consortium.

The situation of political prisoners in Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela

The number of political prisoners in Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela continues to increase. These three countries are characterized by authoritarian governments that use laws to criminalize activities that promote and defend human rights, journalism, and political opposition.

Cuba

In Cuba, whose single-party system maintains tight control over society in all its spheres, there were 150 political prisoners until July 2021, but after the historic protests of July 11 and 12, the figure increased to more than 1,400. Among those detained there are at least 50 minors, of whom, as of March 2022, 20 have been prosecuted and sentenced to between 7 and 13 years in prison.

Nicaragua

In Nicaragua, the state and para-state repression of the peaceful demonstrations that began in April 2018 resulted in 355 fatalities, more than 2,000 people injured, and 1,614 arbitrary detentions.

The crisis has lasted for more than four years and, currently, more than 170 people are imprisoned for political reasons, without access to specialized medical attention in conditions that do not comply with the United Nations Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (Nelson Mandela Rules) and the Internal Law on Human Rights, that can be described as cruel, inhuman, degrading treatment, physical and psychological torture. This situation is especially critical for the 14 women political prisoners, 19 elderly people and people with chronic illnesses.

Venezuela

Since 2014, Venezuela has not been the exception to the deepening of the human rights crisis, after citizens came out to protest the economic situation and insecurity in the country. That year, the number of people detained for political reasons reached 3,708, while in 2017 there were 5,511 arrests for the same reasons. Currently, according to the Foro Penal organization, there are 239 people deprived of liberty for political reasons in this country.

Since 2014, at least 10 political prisoners have lost their lives and the Foro Penal organization has reported that prison conditions in the country are precarious and has registered cases of prisoners for political reasons who are held together with common prisoners.

When is a person a political prisoner?

In the field of international law, there is no definition or characterization of political prisoners. However, the existence of this problem in the region has made it possible to identify criteria to determine when a person has been deprived of liberty for political reasons, regardless of the country where they are registered.

These are some:

  • The person’s activities are linked to the exercise of freedom of expression, association or assembly, the political opposition, the defense of human rights and peaceful demonstrations.

The State carries out actions in order to consolidate or retain power, which result in human rights violations.

  • There is a use and articulation of State structures and institutions for the arbitrary deprivation of liberty of the person and their criminalization.
  • The context is characterized by single-party and authoritarian states, where democratic institutions do not exist…although there are cases recorded in contexts of countries with certain recognized democratic institutions.

Event information:  Jailed for what? People imprisoned for political reasons in Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela.

Wednesday, June 8, 2022

4:00 PM Los Angeles | 5:00 PM Central America | 7:00 PM Caracas – Havana

Hotel Indigo – Los Angeles, Downtown | Orpheum Hall A

RSVP and virtual registration: https://bit.ly/3sVeJAw

Simultaneous interpretation SPANISH | ENGLISH | PORTUGUESE

Three years after 11M in Cuba: the demands of LGBTI+ people and the Family Code

Washington DC, May 11, 2022 – Today marks three years since the first march that the LGBTI+ population of Cuba organized independently of the National Center for Sex Education (Cenesex). The commemoration of this date occurs in the midst of sentences being given to the people who participated in the demonstrations of July 2021, the draft of the new Criminal Code, which could affect several LGBTI+ activists; and the Family Code, which speaks for the first time of same-sex marriage and adoption between same-sex couples, two demands of people with diverse sexual orientations and gender identities on the Island.

This latest reform that is being promoted by the Cuban government seems like a big step in the recognition of LGBTI+ rights in the country, however, this initiative will be submitted to a popular consultation to be approved; that is, two people of the same sex could form a family in Cuba only if the majority of the inhabitants of the archipelago approve it in a referendum that the Island’s authorities are organizing.

What happened on May 11, 2019 in Cuba?

That day, which is also known as 11M, a traditional conga (Cuban dance accompanied by drums) was going to be held in Havana against homophobia and transphobia, as part of a series of activities prior to the commemoration of the International Day against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia, which takes place around the world every May 17. But, the official body that coordinates these activities, Cenesex , decided to cancel the demonstration at the last minute (as happened again today – this State entity canceled the conga that was scheduled to take place this afternoon), arguing that it could not be held because there were “new tensions in the international and regional context”, which caused great discomfort among the LGBTI+ movement in Cuba.

As a result of this, people with diverse sexual orientations and gender identities on the Island convened through social networks, and met, starting at 4:00 in the afternoon, in the Central Park of Havana. There they came from different parts and, from one moment to another and without a set course, they began to march. It was the first time that the LGBTI+ movement in Cuba demonstrated on its own, peacefully demanding their rights without the help of the Cuban government, which continues without guaranteeing full recognition of this population.

That day members of State Security blocked the demonstration, which included a kissathon (name given to the act in which several LGBTI+ people kiss in public as a sign of protest). Dozens of people who participated in the improvised conga were attacked and arbitrarily detained by the authorities.

“Despite the prohibition by the State and the repression of LGBTI activists and groups, nearly 300 people gathered and marched through Prado, calling for a diverse Cuba and shouting ‘yes it could’, alluding to the unjustified suspension of the traditional conga of diversity, the only physical and public space that the community had as part of the Cuban Days against Homophobia and Transphobia organized by Cenesex ”, says Jancel Moreno, coordinator of Dame la Mano, an LGBTI+ organization on the island.

According to various activists and organizations, May 11, 2019 marked a before and after in the struggle for the recognition of LGBTI+ rights. “It represents a cry, an act of rebellion that for some could even have been a moment of outburst, and for others it also meant a change in their lives due to the arrests. Without a doubt, it is a date to never forget, where LGBTI+ people decided to claim their rights before a State that until now has always discriminated against us”, says activist Yoelkis Torres, coordinator of the organization AfroAtenas .

What has happened since then?

“No rights have been obtained. Although the Family Code project that is awaiting the referendum includes several of the main demands of the community, it is not yet a reality and may not become so. The Code will be taken to a referendum in a country with a sexist and homophobic history that is even inherited by ‘the revolution,’” says Jancel, who also maintains that being an LGBTI+ person in Cuba means carrying stigmas and prejudices, in addition to not having support or legal guarantees. “Although progress has been made from the perception of society itself, there is still a lot to do,” they add.

Three years after 11M, the demands of LGBTI+ people in Cuba remain the same: that their rights be recognized. “There is an article in the Cuban Constitution that speaks about the principle of non-discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, but it is as if it did not exist,” says Yoelkis, who affirms that the Family Code represents hope for this population, which has been the victim of attacks, threats and murders, despite the fact that there is no known official record that counts the violence they have suffered for years.

LGBTI+ people are waiting for the referendum on the Family Code to be held, which, if approved by the majority of the island’s inhabitants, would represent a huge step in the recognition of their rights. They would go from not having a law that protects them, to being able to form a diverse family with guarantees to avoid any type of discrimination and violence.

From Race and Equality we express our commitment to accompany the demands of people with diverse sexual orientations and gender identities in Cuba and we call on the government to listen to them, in accordance with its international obligations to respect and guarantee the human rights of all people, without any kind of discrimination. This is particularly relevant because we are two months away from commemorating another milestone on the Island – the peaceful protests of July 11 and 12, which, like the 11M march three years ago, were strongly repressed by the authorities. and resulted in the mass arrest of hundreds of protesters who today continue to be sentenced for exercising their right to freedom of expression. For this reason, we also call on the State of Cuba to observe international human rights standards and its actions that greatly affect the most vulnerable populations, such as LGBTI+.

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