Os caça-níqueis com tema de dinheiro e recompensas continuam entre os favoritos dos jogadores brasileiros, e não é difícil entender o motivo: visuais chamativos, mecânicas simples e a promessa de multiplicadores generosos criam uma experiência divertida mesmo para quem está começando no mundo dos slots online.
O Сash mania segue essa linha, trazendo um layout colorido, símbolos clássicos de cassino e rodadas bônus que podem aumentar significativamente os ganhos durante a sessão de jogo. A jogabilidade é intuitiva, com controles simples de aposta e giro automático disponíveis para quem prefere um ritmo mais rápido.
A volatilidade do jogo tende a ser moderada, equilibrando ganhos frequentes de menor valor com a chance ocasional de rodadas bônus mais recompensadoras. Isso torna o slot acessível tanto para quem joga por diversão quanto para quem busca sessões mais longas com um saldo controlado.
Como em qualquer jogo de cassino online, é recomendável testar a versão demo antes de apostar dinheiro real, além de verificar se o cassino escolhido para jogar possui licença válida e processos de pagamento transparentes.
Race and Equality launches practical guide for requesting precautionary measures at the IACHR
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Race and Equality launches practical guide for requesting precautionary measures at the IACHR
Washington, DC. May 8, 2020. The International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality) has released “Precautionary Measures at the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights: Function and Process,” a manual to assist activists and human rights defenders with the process of soliciting precautionary measures from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR).
“This educational tool can provide support to civil society organizations who face the risk of serious human rights violations when they prepare requests,” remarked Carlos Quesada, Race and Equality’s Executive Director.
The guide consists of two documents: one aimed at attorneys and legal experts, and an illustrated guide that follows four characters through the process of requesting and receiving precautionary measures, designed to explain the steps of the process to grassroots activists.
“We assembled this guide to ensure that activists who lack experience in the Inter-American legal system can access the precautionary measures process. For each step of the process, the guide provides the reader with a ‘theory review’ where the illustrated characters explain what each step implies and a ‘practical review’ that explains the steps of preparing and filling out each requirement. All the cases used as examples in the guide were created as educational examples; in no way do they correspond to real cases,” explains Christina Fetterhoff, Senior Legal Program Officer.
The guide, now available to download from Race and Equality’s website at www.raceandequality.org/publications, aims to build capacity among users of the Inter-American Human Rights System and in so doing strengthen the System as a whole.
According to Caitlin Kelly, Legal Program Officer for Latin America, “Precautionary measures are a vital tool for protecting human rights and for taking concrete steps to protect people at risk of fundamental rights violations. Race and Equality strives to make this tool and the Inter-American system as a whole more accessible to grassroots activists in the region, as part of our broader efforts to allow these activists to take the lead in demanding their own rights. We hope that it will be very useful to our partners.”
The International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights is an organization that works with organizations and activists in Latin America to protect and promote the human rights of marginalized populations, particularly people suffering rights violations due to their race, sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity. Race and Equality provides capacity-building to grassroots organizations so that they can become effective political actors and promote structural changes in their home countries.
States across the Americas must guarantee the lives and right to health of migrants and refugees in the face of the COVID-19 crisis
The Americas, March 30th, 2020.- Over
the past few weeks, we have seen how the measures implemented by governments
calling for quarantines, shut downs, deportations, border closures and
militarization to address the emergency caused by the spread of COVID-19 are
disproportionately affecting migrants and petitioners for international
protections.
Given these facts, it is likely that migrants and refugees will continue
to be affected in the following weeks and months. We, the undersigned
organizations, urge the governments of our region to implement the necessary
measures to guarantee the rights to life, health, physical, mental, and moral
integrity of this population, in equal conditions and without any form of
discrimination, including discrimination based on their migratory status or
nationality.
As the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Bachelet has stated: “Under international human rights law, States have an obligation to take steps to prevent foreseeable threats to public health and have a duty to ensure that all who need vital medical care can receive it”. This includes access to prevention measures dictated by the World Health Organization, including access to COVID-19 testing, health services, and the necessary medical attention to treat the disease, to all people including migrants and refugees.
Additionally, States must halt deportations, and guarantee the access of all people to seek and be granted asylum. As the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has previously indicated, States have an obligation to guarantee that all people are able to seek and be granted asylum, as well as respecting the principle of non-refoulment. This means that States must abstain from returning individuals to territories where their lives or liberties are at risk, including through the use of rejection or non-admission at the border. The measures implemented in response to COVID-19 cannot prevent those seeking international protection from asking for it. Even in extenuating circumstances like the one we currently face, implementing measures that prevent the admission of refugees or asylum seekers, without protecting them against refoulment, is a violation of their human rights and against international obligations of States.
In that sense, the measures implemented as a response to this crisis
cannot be discriminatory, or result in undesirable outcomes that would
negatively impact the enjoyment of human rights. On the contrary, these
measures must be proportional, strictly necessary, and developed and
implemented with a human rights and gender perspective. They must also ensure
the participation of civil society organizations. Moreover, these measures
cannot justify the systematic detention of migrants, asylum-seekers or refugees.
On this front, we urge States to abstain from detaining migrants and
refugees, free people currently in detention, and guarantee their access to
housing, food, and medical services in public shelters, ensuring the necessary
sanitary conditions and qualified medical staff to avoid contagion.
Furthermore, group-specific attention must be provided to those who are most
vulnerable to the virus, including the elderly, people with disabilities,
women, LGBTIQ+ people and children. These same measures must be implemented in
the country of origin of those who would have been deported, while the
quarantine is in effect.
Additionally, the current restrictions to mobility and/or constitutional
guarantees defined by multiple governments will impact in a particular manner
the ability of migrants to access work. In this regard, States in the region
must guarantee their access to livelihood, just like they would to the rest of
the population.
On the militarization of borders and reports of repression, we remind
governments that military forces must abstain from taking on duties related to
ensuring civilian safety, health, or serving as migration officials. Using the
military in such duties exposes the population to higher risks and to new human
rights violations.
Similarly, States must guarantee the access to relevant, timely and clear
information that is based off of scientific evidence regarding the pandemic.
States must abstain from using discriminatory speeches or measures, which are
stigmatizing or xenophobic, and from blocking or criminalizing the work of all
who defend the rights of migrants and refugees. Likewise, governments must
adopt positive measures to fight discriminatory discourse or actions of third
parties regarding the crisis.
Finally, we, the undersigned organizations, emphasize that none of the
measures implemented to respond to the COVID-19 emergency can justify human
rights violations. We hope that States respond to the health emergency in
accordance with their international obligations and we will remain vigilant in
monitoring and denouncing the human rights situation of people in situations of
human mobility and others in situations of risk.
In a region that has been vastly impacted by inequality, poverty,
corruption, and extractivism, we hope that States take this opportunity to
build up protection mechanisms, strengthen their social safety nets, and ensure
the full access to water and health for every person, and the recognition and
the guarantee to the human rights of the entire population without any form of discrimination.
Undersigned organizations:
International:
Coordinadora Regional de
Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales (CRIES) Instituto Internacional sobre
Raza, Igualdad y Derechos Humanos
Network in
Solidarity with the People of Guatemala (NISGUA) Refugees International
Women’s
Link Worldwide
Regional:
Alianza Americas
Center for Justice and
International Law (CEJIL)
Conferencia de Provinciales
Jesuitas de América Latina y el Caribe Fundación para la Justicia y el Estado
Democrático de Derecho (FJEDD) Misión Scalabriniana Ecuador
Organización Negra Centroamericana
Oficina en Washington para Asuntos
Latinoamericanos (WOLA) Red Jesuita con Migrantes Latinoamérica y el Caribe
(RJM-LAC) Red de Coaliciones Sur (RCS)
Synergia – Iniciativas por los
Derechos Humanos
Argentina:
Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales (CELS)
Comisión Argentina para Refugiados y Migrantes
– CAREF
Brazil:
Conectas Direitos Humanos Missão
Paz
Chile:
Clínica Jurídica de Migrantes y
Refugiados de la Universidad Diego Portales Clinica Juridica Universidad
Alberto Hurtado
Servicio Jesuita a Migrantes Chile
Colombia:
Centro de Estudios de Derecho,
Justicia y Sociedad (Dejusticia) Corporación Caribe Afirmativo
Programa de Asistencia Legal a
Población con Necesidad de Protección Internacional y Víctimas del Conflicto
Armado – Corporación Opción Legal – Colombia
Clínica Jurídica para Migrantes de
la Universidad de los Andes Consultoría para los Derechos Humanos y el
Desplazamiento (CODHES)
Costa
Rica:
Servicio Jesuita para Migrantes Costa Rica
(SJM-CR)
El
Salvador:
Universidad Centroamericana José Simeón Cañas
(UCA)
United States of America:
Comunidades Organizando El Poder y
la Acción Latina (COPAL) Cooperación Migrante
CRECEN
Houston’s America For All
Latin America
Working Group (LAWG) Lila LGBTQ Iniciative Inc
Women’s
Refugee Commission (WRC) Women Working Together USA
Network in
Solidarity with the People of Guatemala (NISGUA) The Chelsea Collaborative
Guatemala:
Asociación Pop N’oj
Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales e
Investigación para la Paz (IRIPAZ)
Instituto de investigación y proyección sobre
Dinámicas Globales y Territoriales (IDGT)
Honduras:
Equipo de Reflexión, Investigación y
Comunicación (ERIC)
Mexico:
Asylum Access México (AAMX) A.C.
Colectivo de Mujeres Transnacionales Club Mujeres con Decisión
Derechos Humanos Integrales en
Acción, A.C. DHIA Sin Fronteras IAP
Nicaragua:
Servicio Jesuita a Migrantes Nicaragua
(SJM-Nicaragua)
Panama:
Fe y Alegría
Paraguay:
Coordinadora por los Derechos de la Infancia y
la Adolescencia de Paraguay (CDIA)
Dominican
Republic:
Centro para la Observación Migratoria y el
Desarrollo Social en el Caribe (OBMICA)
Venezuela:
CIVILIS Derechos Humanos Prepara
Familia
Programa Venezolano de Educación
Acción en Derechos Humanos (Provea) Servicio Jesuita a Refugiados (JRS
Venezuela)
Centros Comunitarios de Aprendizaje
(CECODAP) Centro de Justicia y Paz (Cepaz)
Acción Solidaria
Centro de Derechos Humanos de la Universidad
Católica Andrés Bello (CDH UCAB)
Race and Equality – on the occasion of its fifth anniversary – holds reception acknowledging Mexico’s ratification of the Inter-American Conventions against Racism and against Discrimination
Washington, D.C., February 19,
2020. The International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race
and Equality) recognized the United Mexican States for its ratification of the
Inter-American Convention against Racism, Racial Discrimination and Related
Forms of Intolerance and the Inter-American Convention Against All Forms of
Discrimination and Intolerance, during a reception held this past February 13
at the Art Museum of the Americas (AMA). The event also marked Race and
Equality’s fifth anniversary of working for human rights in the Americas and featured
the presence of the diplomatic mission of Mexico to the Organization of
American States (OAS).
The reception gathered together
various ambassadors and representatives of OAS Member States with members of
DC-based NGOs. It also featured the participation of Luz Elena Baños, the
illustrious Ambassador of Mexico to the OAS, and Esmeralda Arosemena de
Troitiño, the President of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
(IACHR).
In her remarks, Ambassador Baños signaled
the importance to the current government of Mexico of working alongside
historically vulnerable communities and making use of the tools necessary to
guarantee respect, integrity and dignity for all people regardless of their race,
gender or sexual orientation, among others. “In this context, through the
OAS and, in particular, through the [established] rights of Lesbian, Gay,
Bi-sexual, Trans and Intersex (LGBTI) people, we reiterate our commitment to
ensuring that all people may exercise their right to a life free from
discrimination and violence.”
Ms. Mitzi Bowen and Mr. Carlos
Quesada of Race and Equality signaled the importance of ratifying these two
conventions to address the discrimination that the Afro-descendant and
indigenous population face in Mexico. Similarly, they commended the leadership
of the Mexican government in ratifying the Inter-American Convention Against
All Forms of Discrimination and Intolerance, as it allows for the Convention to
enter into full force in the region, giving voice to many sectors of society
that suffer from discrimination and intolerance because of their sex, sexual
orientation, political opinions, migration status, birth or stigmatized health condition,
etc.
Mexico is currently working
towards eradicating any and all forms of discrimination. The ratification of
both Conventions is another example of the many actions taken by the leadership
in favor of ethnic groups and other vulnerable populations.
Mexico is the fifth country of
the region to ratify the Inter-American Convention against Racism, Racial
Discrimination and Related Forms of Intolerance, and the second to ratify the
Inter-American Convention Against All Forms of Discrimination and Intolerance.
Race and Equality congratulates
the United Mexican States once more and hopes to continue working alongside
ethnic and LGBTI partners to contribute to the development of a more inclusive
Mexico, free from discrimination.
Mexico ratifies Inter-American conventions against racism and discrimination
Washington, D.C. January 22, 2020. Yesterday, the Diplomatic Mission of Mexico to the Organization of American States (OAS) deposited an instrument of ratification to the Inter-American Convention Against Racism, Racial Discrimination and Related Forms of Intolerance with the Secretary General of the OAS , thus advancing its commitments to eliminate, prevent, prohibit, and sanction all acts and forms of discrimination and intolerance within Mexico. Additionally, the State of Mexico also ratified the Inter-American Convention Against All Forms of Discrimination and Intolerance. Because Mexico is the second OAS Member State to ratify this Convention, it will now enter into force in the region.
The deposit of both instruments was carried out this Tuesday morning by the Ambassador of Mexico to the OAS, Luz Elena Baños, and the Director General for Human Rights and Democracy at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cristofer Ballinas.
“The deposit of these instruments of ratification is proof of Mexico’s broad openness to international scrutiny, and demonstrates a shared responsibility to confront the many great global challenges that are part of our country’s active and multilateral foreign policy,” said the Sub-Secretary for Multilateral Affairs and Human Rights of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mexico, Martha Delgado, via video published on social media channels.
“With these actions, our country seeks to spark regional efforts that are necessary for us to guarantee an understanding among all the countries that make up this organization, which is to guarantee respect for the integrity and dignity of all persons regardless of their gender, race. or sexual orientation,” added Delgado.
Convention Against Racism
The first step to adhere to the Convention is to sign the document, which was done by the State of Mexico on November 13, 2018. Following the signature, countries must ratify the document internally, following their own constitutional processes. The Mexican Mission had done these two steps and moved forward in the process, finally depositing the instrument of ratification of the Convention with the OAS. The next step is the Convention’s entry into force within Mexico, which will be 30 days from today.
With the ratification of the Inter-American Convention Against Racism, Racial Discrimination and Related Forms of Intolerance, Mexico becomes the fifth country in the region where it enters into force. Since its inception in June 2013, the Convention has been signed and ratified by Costa Rica, Uruguay, Antigua & Barbuda, and Ecuador.
The Convention states that all States Parties must adopt specific policies and affirmative actions that seek to promote conditions of equality, equal opportunity, inclusion, and advancement for people or groups subjected to racism, discrimination, or intolerance; to adopt legislation that clearly defines and prohibits racism, discrimination, and intolerance; to ensure that victims of racism, discrimination, or intolerance are treated with equity and respect; to ensure equal access to the judicial system, to swift and effective legal proceedings, and to a just reparation in civil and penal matters, among other requirements.
Convention Against All Forms of Discrimination
Furthermore, Mexico is the second country to ratify the Inter-American Convention Against All Forms of Discrimination & Intolerance, after Uruguay.
The Convention states that all State parties must prevent, eliminate, prohibit, and punish, in accordance with their constitutional norms and the provisions of this Convention, all acts and manifestations of discrimination and intolerance, and to adopt the special policies and affirmative actions needed to ensure the enjoyment or exercise of rights and fundamental freedoms of persons or groups that are subject to discrimination or intolerance for the purpose of promoting equitable conditions for equal opportunity, inclusion, and progress for such persons or groups.
Statement
Race and Equality considers this as important step for the region, where, concerningly, we have observed an increase in the levels of racism and discrimination. As such, it is essential for all States to take the necessary national, regional, and international means to protect the rights of vulnerable groups against structural racism and all forms of discrimination, in order to create equal and tolerant societies. The expectations of these two Conventions are great, but we hope that they will be further developed and perfected as they are ratified and put into use.
“The situation of violence against Afro-LGBTI people is invisible and systematic in Latin America” Activists warn the IACHR
Quito,
Ecuador. November 12, 2019. In the thematic hearing held during the 174 period of Hearings of the
Inter-American Commission on Human Rights in Quito, Ecuador, LGBTI activists
and Afro-descendants from Brazil, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, and Peru
presented on the situation of violence, lack of protection, and lack of
knowledge of their prevailing rights in each of these States.
Throughout the
space, the activists highlighted how Afro-descendants with sexual orientations
and non-normative gender identities are at greater risk of suffering from violations
of their rights, especially by the States’ general lack of knowledge on the
differentiated effects suffered by people living this reality.
Likewise, the activists presented a summary of different cases of murder and violence against transgender people and Afro-descendants, especially those committed with a high degree of cruelty and hatred; in addition to remaining completely unpunished.
Bruna Benavides, ANTRA activist
“In
January of this year, in Brazil, a trans woman had her heart torn out and then replaced
by the image of a saint. Her murderer was acquitted of the charge, even though
he narrated in great detail how he had killed her and kept her heart at home
with a smile on his face,” said Afro-Brazilian activist Bruna Benavides, a
member of the National Association of Transvestites and Transsexuals, or ANTRA in
Brazil.
According to
information given by Benavides, this year alone, 110 trans people were killed
in Brazil, 85% of them black. Likewise, the activist reported that 90% of the
population of transvestites and trans women in this country are engaged in
prostitution due to the lack of job opportunities.
Furthermore, she
pointed out that this group of people are recurring victims of different State
institutions due to the inaccessibility of appropriate healthcare services and
of fair employment opportunities and recognition, as well as having a lack of respect
for their identities. In this regard, Benavides added ,“… today we
are afraid to walk the streets again, and as a defender of human rights, I do
not feel safe despite the progress we have made because our leaders have common
policies of racist hatred , male chauvinism…”
In this order, the leader Justo Arevalo representative of the Colombian organizations Arco Iris de Tumaco, the National Conference of Afro-Colombian Organizations (CNOA), and Somos Identidad, highlighted that contexts of rejection, violence, and discrimination within these communities towards people who assume a non-normative sexual orientation or gender identity create other types of cyclical and systemic violence that threaten the integrity of AfroLGBTI people. An example of this is in Colombia, where there is forced displacement towards cities that sharpen the circles of violence in which these people live.
Justo Arevalo, Colombian activist
“In March
of 2019, a report on the realities experienced by Afro-LGBTI people was filed
in Bogotá before the Jurisdiction for Peace, whose main findings show that
documented violence and impact are blocked by very racial and class-particular
relations, typical of the sociocultural, economic, and political environment in
which they occur, prejudice as a factor of violence, and the responsibility of
illegal armed actors in the face of serious violations of rights against Afro LGBT
people, “Arevalo
added in his speech.
Belén Zapata, an
Afro-descendant trans activist from Peru, alerted the audience of the impact
that police abuse has on the lives of Afro-descendant and transvestite people,
highlighting that it sets a pattern of deep violence against their right to
personal integrity in countries like Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, the Dominican
Republic, and Peru.
Likewise, the
activist referred to the access of healthcare services by trans-descendant
Afro-descendant women in the region, which is characterized in its generality
for not being efficient or worthy of use by this population.
In this regard,
the activist added: “There are still cases in which medical personnel
offer inadequate and/or improper care to Afro-descendant transgender women.
This pattern is particularly serious in cases of care for Afro-descendant
transgender women who perform sex work and are taken in for injuries as a
result of physical aggressions. But also, in cases where the request for other
services is related to reproductive health or HIV / AIDS. “
Violation of
the rights of Afro-LGBTI people is systematic
“As long
as we avoid highlighting the intersection between race and sexual diversity, we
will continue to perpetuate a system that makes the Afro-descendant LGBTI
community invisible; we will continue to have legal structures, public policies,
and government institutions that do not protect or guarantee the human rights
of the Afro LGBTI population,” added Katherine Ventura, representative of the American University Legal
Clinic. She also pointed out that there are patterns of violence that are
particular to the Afro-LGBTI population, naming three: 1) Absence of rights’
guarantees focused on the Afro-LGBTI community; 2) Lack of implementation of
existing laws and 3) Inadequate data collection, particularly in criminal
investigation processes against Afro-LGBTI people.
On this matter,
the Commissioners of the IACHR indicated the responsibility of the States to
collect data, generate policies, and promote processes that guarantee the reparation,
respect, and recognition of the rights of Afro-LGBTI people. In this regard, Commissioner
Margarette May Macaulay urged States to ratify the Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination as an alternative that seeks to
address the issues of Afro-descendants with sexual orientations and
non-normative gender identities.
To finalize the hearing, the organizations requested that the IACHR to urge the States of Brazil, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, and Peru to:
1. Urgently investigate cases of homicide and police abuse that
involve Afro-LGBTI persons and, consequently, register and characterize them
properly.
2. Implement the recommendations of the Afro-LGBTI
population that this Commission has made since 2015, particularly those focused
on the development of public policies that explicitly include the Afro-LGBTI
population.
3. As part of the fulfillment of the objectives proposed in
the Decade of Afro-descendants 2015-2024, the Afro-LGBTI population should be
included as a beneficiary of justice and development-oriented measures in the
region, and it should be requested that all states comply with the
recommendations of the Inter-American Commission regarding the importance of
providing differentiated data on sexual orientation and gender identity.
4. Suggest the ratification of the Inter-American Convention
against Racism, Racial Discrimination and Related Intolerances and the
Inter-American Convention against All Forms of Discrimination and Intolerance
to all States.
5. That the Inter-American Commission publish the report of the on-site visit to Brazil in 2018 and the rapporteur on the rights of Afro-descendants and racial discrimination visit Brazil to better know the situation of the Afro-LGBTI population, with effective participation of civil society organizations.
Civil society organizations expose the lack of independence of the Nicaraguan judicial system to IACHR Commissioners
Quito, Ecuador, November 11, 2019. During the 174th period of sessions of the IACHR,
nine civil society organizations exposed the deep deterioration of judicial
independence in Nicaragua, where the courts have failed to guarantee the rights
of Nicaraguans to access to justice, due process and judicial guarantees in the
context of the democratic crisis that began on April 18, 2018.
During the hearing “Challenges for judicial autonomy
and independence in Nicaragua”, the organizations highlighted how the
Nicaraguan judiciary was brought into the government’s scheme to violate human
rights, facilitating the criminalization of protest and the work of human
rights defenders and generating conditions that guarantee impunity for human
rights violations perpetrated by regime officials.
“In Nicaragua, there is no independence or autonomy of
powers. The co-optation of the judiciary by the Ortega-Murillo regime has led
to its acting under party control, built through tarnished selection processes
and appointments, with the absence of publicity, transparency and citizen
participation; privileging political affinity over appointment according to
merits and professional capacities that guarantee a judiciary that is
objective, independent and subject to the rule of law,” said Georgina Ruiz, of
the Nicaraguan Center for Human Rights (CENIDH, for its initials in Spanish).
The culpability of the National Police, the National
Prosecuting Authority and the Institute of Forensic Medicine for not complying
with their obligations, allowing the commission of human rights violations and
facilitating impunity for violations committed by the State or paramilitary
groups was also denounced.
An absent state
As usual during recent IACHR hearings, the Nicaraguan state
did not attend the appointment. For the organizations, this exemplifies how the
Ortega regime continues to deny its responsibility in the serious human rights
crisis that the country is facing, as well as its obligation to guarantee the
autonomy and independence of the justice institutions.
“Once again, we regret the absence of the State of
Nicaragua, which did not send any information to justify it, as has happened
before,” said Commissioner Antonia Urrejola at the beginning of her speech.
Urrejola especially greeted the mothers of murdered youth and the victims who
attended the hearing, recognizing the hard work they do in pursuit of justice
and non-repetition.
By the end of the hearing, the organizations requested
that IACHR urge the State of Nicaragua to:
Cease
repression and criminalization; and guarantee the full exercise of human
rights, including access to justice for victims of murder, torture and rape.
Restore
the full constitutional guarantees for the exercise of citizens’ rights.
Return
seized or stolen property to all victims of repression.
Resolve
the amparo appeals presented by
the organizations that were repressed during the crisis (an amparo
procedure is a request for a legal ruling that protects basic rights)
Guarantee
the autonomy and independence of the judicial institutions their adherence to
the procedures established in the Constitution of the Republic of Nicaragua and
international human rights treaties, as well as the ratification of specific
international instruments, including those related to the administration of justice.
The hearing was convened by CENIDH, the Center for
Justice and International Law (CEJIL), the Nicaragua Never+ Human Rights
Collective, the Mesoamerican Initiative for Women Human Rights Defenders
(IM-Defenders), the Nicaraguan Initiative for Human Rights Defenders (IND), the
International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality),
JASS Mesoamerica, the Autonomous Movement of Women-Nicaragua (MAM- Nicaragua)
and the Legal Defense Unit of Nicaragua.
Nicaraguan journalists denounce continuous violations of freedom of expression and press during the IACHR’s 173rd period of sessions
Washington D.C., September 25. Three Nicaraguan media directors, speaking today to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), denounced the Nicaraguan state, saying it has not complied with the precautionary measures given by the commision to protect them, their families, and their staff, but has instead escalated persecution, threats, and reprisals against their journalistic work.
Sergio León, director of La Costeñísima in Bluefields; Aníbal Toruño, director of Radio Darío in León and Carlos Fernando Chamorro, director of the digital outlet Confidencial and the television news program Esta Semana, exposed their situation during the hearing “Implementation of Protective Precautionary Measures in Favor of Independent Journalists in Nicaragua,” held within the framework of the 173rd period of sessions of the IACHR.
Ana Bolaños, on behalf of the Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality), also participated in the hearing. She lamented that the State of Nicaragua did not attend the hearing, which demonstrates a lack of willingness to be accountable before international bodies. On the same subject, Commissioner Joel Hernández, Vice President of the IACHR, considered that this absence represented a missed opportunity and a breach of the State of Nicaragua’s obligations before the IACHR.
The speakers agreed that censorship, attacks and repression against independent journalism persist to this day in Nicaragua: media outlets Confidencial and 100% Noticias remain closed, newspapers face a state-imposed blockade of paper, and according to the Violeta Barrios de Chamorro Foundation (FVBCH), a total of 1,318 cases of attacks against independent journalists have been reported through August.
Situation of La Costeñísima
Sergio León explained that La Costeñísima radio’s coverage includes the Southern Caribbean region of Nicaragua, and that directing an independent outlet has resulted in constant intimidation, threats and harassment. For this reason, Leon and his family received precautionary measures on June 15th, 2019.
“The precautionary measures are aimed at protecting me and my family’s life and safety; however, they (the authorities) have not complied with them, since the police and armed civilians acting as parastatals continue to besiege and threaten me, seeking to silence my voice and the voices of those who we echo on La Costeñísima radio,” said León. To date, the State of Nicaragua has not carried out any action to protect León or investigated the threats he has received.
In addition, León denounced that the party structures of the FSLN prohibit the population from listening to the station; that the political operators of the regime convinced the second journalist on Leon’s team to resign, which took the station’s main news program “After the News” off the air for a few days; that the station has recorded computer attacks against their website and that Sandinista Youth groups have marked the walls of the station’s office and of the alley leading to his home with threats.
Situation of Radio Darío
Aníbal Toruño, director of Radio Darío, explained that on April 20, 2018, a group of armed parastatal agents set fire to the radio station he owns, yet fortunately, 11 people who were inside the station were able to escape. Given these facts and other acts of harassment, Toruño, his family and 9 other employees received precautionary measures in July 2018.
According to Sergio Leon, the government’s refusal to respond to these aggressions “motivates other fanatics to harm our business and its workers,” threatening the community’s human right to freedom of expression.
The next speaker is Anibal Toruño, director of Radio Dario. Anibal was granted precautionary measures in July 2018, but the state took no action to implement them and he was forced to flee the country by threats and harassment.
However, Toruño has not received protection from the State; rather, he had to go into exile at the end of August 2018 and only managed to return in August of this year. “On my return to Nicaragua, I found a regime that continues to persecute independent media and journalists,” he denounced. Later, he narrated how on September 7th of this year, the station suffered new attacks, how a government-aligned group surrounded his house and painted threats on the walls and the armed attack on a caravan of which he was part.
“Radio Darío is still on the air and fighting for freedom of expression, but there is clear evidence (to prove that) the regime tries to silence the station. The exposure by the station’s workers of the state’s failure to comply with the measures and their accompanying duties is imperative,” added Toruño.
Situation of Confidencial and Esta Semana
Carlos Fernando Chamorro, director of Confidencial y Esta Semana, stated that on December 13, 2018, the National Police stormed and ransacked the facilities of both outlets, and then on December 14 permanently occupied the property. Given these facts, at the end of December 2018 the IACHR granted precautionary measures to Chamorro, his family and thirteen members of his team.
Chamorro also had to go into exile in January of this year. Subsequently, eight other members of his team left the country. To date, the offices are still occupied by the Police and, despite several legal remedies and complaints, the Nicaraguan judicial system has not acted on the case and the statutes of limitation have expired.
“Despite television censorship and official intimidation, and the restrictions on freedom of expression represented by all the abuses narrated here, Confidencial, Niú, Esta Semana and Esta Noche keep on informing, challenging the persecution, from Nicaragua and from exile, through digital platforms and social networks,” said Chamorro.
Petitions
The Nicaraguan media directors asked the IACHR to request provisional measures from the Inter-American Court of Human Rights for those who have already received precautionary measures that the State has not complied with, and also to extend precautionary measures to benefit other journalists from Confidencial and Esta Semana facing serious risks.
In addition, they asked the IACHR to demand that the State of Nicaragua cease its censorship, harassment, intimidation and physical attacks against journalists and their families, as well as the immediate return of illegally confiscated property. They urged the Nicaraguan state to guarantee the physical integrity and rights of journalists returning from exile, so that they can exercise their profession in freedom.
The IACHR Commissioners Antonia Urrejola, Rapporteur for Nicaragua; Margarette May Macaulay, Rapporteur on the Rights of People of African Descent and Joel Hernández, Vice President of the IACHR, reiterated their commitment to continue monitoring the situation, and pledged to study the requests made by the petitioners. Edison Lanza, Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression, said that in Nicaragua there is a systematic government plan to close all spaces of independent journalism and congratulated journalists for continuing to do journalism in such a hostile environment.
“Despite the constitutional reform, human rights continue to be violated systematically in Cuba”: Cuban activists testify before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
During the 173rd Period of Sessions of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), held in Washington, DC from September 23 through October 2, human rights defenders, activists and independent journalists from Cuba brought the concerning situation for human rights in their country to the Commissioners’ attention.
Alongside journalists from the outlets Diario de Cuba, Cubanet and Tremenda Nota and activists from Cubalex and the Cofradía de Negritud, Race and Equality’s Legal Program Officer Caitlin Kelly reported that despite a constitutional reform supposedly meant to ensure Cubans’ rights and the ascension of a new President from outside the Castro family, concerning levels of persecution, harassment and repression persist. A lack of political will to guarantee rights for those who dissent from the Cuban government’s dictatorial policies prevents these abuses from being addressed.
“We are concerned with the Cuban regime’s use of the Penal Code to criminalize dissenting voices. Crimes such as ‘contempt,’ ‘affront,’ ‘resistance’ and ‘disobedience,’ along with the legal label of ‘dangerousness,’ are the most frequently-used tools of criminalization,” stated Kelly.
This thematic hearing also raised the fact that between 2016 and 2018, approximately 171 arbitrary detentions and over 700 cases of state-imposed domestic and international travel restrictions were recorded against journalists. According to Pablo Díaz, director of the independent media outlet Diario de Cuba, travel bans are one of the main forms of repression used by the Cuban state, which frequently forbids journalists from leaving the country in order to prevent them from carrying out their work:
“At this moment in Cuba, travel restrictions against independent activists, artists and journalists are the main tool of repression used by the regime, in violation of the migration policies established in 2013.”
#CIDHAudiencias "En este momento en #Cuba las restricciones de viaje a activistas, artistas y periodistas independientes es la principal herramienta de represión que utiliza el régimen en contraposición a la política migratoria de 2013 establecida por el Estado" @diariodecubapic.twitter.com/piFdUIw56m
Tremenda Nota journalist Carlos Alejandro Rodríguez stated that the government continues to block and censor those channels of communication that it cannot control. “Our outlet went from operating outside the law to being illegalized with the recent decree that outlaws media channels that do not agree with the regime’s policies,” he added.
Rodríguez also spoke out about the abuses, arbitrary detentions and confiscations that independent journalists suffer in Cuba, stating that Cuban journalists are subjected to coercion by government forces seeking to frighten them into abandoning their work, becoming informants or fleeing the country.
Cubalex director Laritza Diversent spoke out about the violence and repression that female journalists and rights defenders suffer, including constant threats and humiliating treatment at the hands of state forces. According to Diversant, “many arrested female journalists are strip-searched and subjected to cavity searches. They are also repressed through actions against their family members.” IACHR Commissioner Margarette May Macaulay, who is also Rapporteur on the Rights of Afro-Descendants and Rapporteur on the Rights of Women, requested additional information and documentation about these particular abuses.
Afro-Cuban rights activist Norberto Mesa Carbonell, director of the Cofradía de Negritud, described the various forms of repression and violence that he has suffered at the hands of Cuban authorities in retaliation for his activism:
“We have been victims of a violent regime that makes attacks against activists’ rights. The prohibition of peaceful meetings or assemblies and short-term arbitrary detentions are tactics the government uses to silence our voices.”
Speaking in regard to the discrimination and racism that is prevalent in Cuba but covered up by the government, Diversant added: “Legally, there are no initiatives or even efforts by the government to recognize that racial discrimination exists in Cuba. Racial discrimination is not found in the Penal Code as an offense, making it impossible for Cuban society to demand justice through such channels.”
Finally, IACHR Commissioner Antonia Urrejola, who is also Rapporteur for Cuba, lamented that grave human rights violations persist in Cuba despite the new constitution. She asked the assembled activists and journalists to continue submitting information as her office prepares the IACHR’s upcoming country report on Cuba.
Race and Equality continues our work defending, uplifting and promoting the rights of activists, independent journalists and human rights defenders in Cuba, conscious of the vulnerability in which they live and work on the island. We will continue to document cases of violence and report on the forms of repression used by the Cuban regime, calling upon the international community to remain attentive to the situation of human rights in the country.
Civil society from Cuba and Nicaragua will expose human rights violations at the 173rd period of sessions of the IACHR
During the 173rd Period of Sessions of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) to be held from September 23 to October 2 in Washington, DC; the International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (Race and Equality) will participate in public hearings alongside multiple Cuban and Nicaraguan civil society organizations that will denounce the serious situation faced by activists, human rights defenders and independent journalists in their respective countries due to the repression, violence and harassment exercised by the regimes of Cuba and Nicaragua.
We invite you to join the public hearings through the IACHR website and our social media.
Monday, September 23, 2019
Hearing: “Serious human rights violations in Cuba”
Despite the adoption of a new Cuban Constitution, the fundamental rights of the Cuban people continue to be violated because of arbitrary and repressive practices that deter Cubans from truly and effectively accessing their rights. Throughout this public hearing, civil society organizations will expose the worrying situation of human rights violations on the island and the ways in which the Cuban state censors its citizens and curtails their freedoms. In addition, the organizations will present to the Inter-American Commission the multiple forms of violence that the Cuban state uses to suppress voices that dissent against the regime.
Wednesday, September 25, 2019
Hearing: “Implementation of Protective Precautionary Measures in Favor of Independent Journalists in Nicaragua”
Given that the systematic violation of the right to freedom of expression and of the press has deepened in Nicaragua since the protests of April 18, 2018, this public hearing seeks to demand the immediate fulfillment of the precautionary measures granted by the IACHR to the media figures and independent journalists who are censored, harassed, arrested and repressed by the State of Nicaragua. To date, the state has not taken the necessary measures so that the beneficiaries can carry out their journalistic work without being subjected to acts of intimidation, threats or other acts of violence in the exercise of their work.
The National Press Club invites to the event: “Global Voices: Journalism Under Threat in Nicaragua”
On Wednesday, September 25 at 6:30 p.m., the NPC’s International Correspondents Committee (ICC) and Press Freedom Team invites you to join an event on media suppression in Nicaragua. Fresh from testifying at the Inter-American Commission for Human Rights (IACHR), a delegation of four Nicaraguan journalists – three of whom remain in exile – will discuss the country’s recent descent into violence and repression.
In April 2018, proposed changes to Nicaragua’s social security system sparked a series of street protests. Heavy-handed moves to repress the protests had the opposite effect, fanning the flames of dissent and leading to calls for President Daniel Ortega to step down. As journalists moved in to cover the growing opposition movement, many found themselves directly in the firing line – facing arrest by police and violence at the hands of pro-government militias.
The delegation of Nicaraguan journalists will talk about their experiences of reporting from the front lines, the tactics the Ortega government has used to brand the press as part of the opposition movement, the current state of the country and their hopes for the future. The International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights is supporting each to attend the IACHR hearings and this special media event.
Panelists include:
Carlos Fernando Chamorro is founder and editor of Confidencial. Carlos is currently in exile in Costa Rica following a police raid on Confidencial in December 2018. Police confiscated documents, phones, computers, and TV cameras in a bid to disrupt the magazine’s reporting. Carlos Fernando fled the country in January this year amid threats against him.
Lucía Pineda Ubau is news director at 100% Noticias. Lucía was arrested in December last year, accused of “incitement and conspiracy to commit acts of terrorism and incitement of hate crimes.” She was released in June under the country’s controversial amnesty law and is now living in exile in Costa Rica.
Aníbal Toruño, who is currently in exile in Miami, is director and owner of Radio Darío. On April 20, 2018, pro-government mobs set fire to Radio Dario, badly damaging the station and forcing them to move to another location. Since then their offices have been raided several times by the Nicaraguan police.
Sergio León, owner and director of La Costeñisima, has remained in Nicaragua and has faced constant harassment, being detained by the Nicaraguan police on multiple occasions.
About the moderator:
Nicaraguan-born Maria Peña is a Digital Reporter for Telemundo, where she covers all issues affecting Hispanics, including immigration, trade, education, housing, voting, political empowerment, foreign policy, and, most recently, domestic terrorism at the border. She has worked in Washington journalism for more than 30 years but also travels abroad to cover major international stories such as Obama’s historic 2016 trip to Cuba. She is a frequent guest on major networks including Voice of America, Univision, CBC, CNN, and CGTN America. In 2017, she was named among El Tiempo Latino´s “100 Influential Latinos.” Maria is a member of the National Press Club.